Blowin’ in the Wind
Settlement, Landscape and Network Dynamics in the Prehistory of the Aeolian Islands
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/jma.43201Keywords:
Aeolian Islands, connectivity, insularity, islandscape, island effect, Lipari, networkAbstract
This study provides a critical and interdisciplinary review of the archaeological record of the Aeolian Islands (Italy), from their earliest settlement in the mid-sixth millennium BC (Middle Neolithic) to the establishment of trans-Mediterranean networks at the end of the second millennium BC (Final Bronze Age). We combine archaeological, archaeometric, bioarchaeological and environmental data to explore the interplay between different prehistoric practices and their spatial settings, revisiting old evidence and presenting new data. The resulting picture reveals different levels of interaction and the critical role of these small island communities in establishing and/or facilitating networks at the local and (inter)regional scale. Ceramic networks allow us to trace connections between the islands and their neighbours, underscoring the centrality of the island of Lipari, which is further supported by the spatial analysis of the settlement data, in particular concerning the growing web of intervisibility between contemporary settlements on the Aeolian Islands, Sicily and Calabria. We also highlight significant environmental factors, such as arid phases and volcanic events, and assess their impact in light of the islanders’ responses, underscoring their long-term adaptability to the challenges of insularity. The study is supported by a new and up-to-date database of 50 prehistoric sites, incorporating unpublished results of ongoing archaeological investigations by the authors.
References
Alberti, G. 2008 La ceramica eoliana della facies del Milazzese. Studio crono-tipologico e culturale sulla base dei dati editi da Filicudi, Lipari, Panarea, Salina. British Archaeological Reports, International Series 1767. Oxford: Archaeopress. https://doi.org/10.30861/9781407302560
Anzidei, M., A. Bosman, D. Casalbore, S. Tusa and R. La Rocca 2016 New insights on the subsidence of Lipari island (Aeolian Islands, southern Italy) from the submerged Roman age pier at Marina Lunga. Quaternary International 401: 162-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.07.003
Anzidei, M., A. Bosman, R. Carluccio, D. Casalbore, F. D’Ajello Caracciolo, A. Esposito and I. Nicolosi 2017 Flooding scenarios due to land subsidence and sea-level rise: a case study for Lipari Island (Italy). Terra Nova 29: 44-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12246
Bernabò Brea, L. 1957 Sicily before the Greeks. London: Thames and Hudson.
Lipari e la talassocrazia del basso Tirreno nell’età del Bronzo. Magna Graecia 16(5-6): 1-4.
a Gli Eoli e l’inizio dell’età del Bronzo nelle isole Eolie e nell’Italia meridionale. Archeologia e leggende. Naples: Istituto Universitario Orientale.
b Relitto della prima età del Bronzo di Pignataro di Fuori. In Archeologia subacquea II. Isole Eolie. Bollettino d’Arte, Supplemento 29: 48-52. Rome: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato.
Le Isole Eolie dal Tardo Antico ai Normanni. Biblioteca di Felix Ravenna. Ravenna: Mario Lapucci, Edizioni del Girasole.
Bernabò Brea, L., and M. Cavalier 1960 La stazione preistorica della contrada Diana e la necropoli protostorica di Lipari. Meligunìs Lipára 1. Palermo: Flaccovio.
Stazioni preistoriche delle isole Panarea, Salina e Stromboli. Meligunìs Lipára 3. Palermo: Flaccovio.
L’Acropoli di Lipari nella preistoria. Meligunìs Lipára 4. Palermo: Flaccovio.
La tholos di San Calogero nell’isola di Lipari. Appendice di P. Belli. Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici 28: 7-84.
Bettelli, M., V. Cannavò, A. Di Renzoni, G. Tigano and M. Vidale 2016 L’età del Bronzo a Stromboli: il villaggio terrazzato di San Vincenzo come avamposto Nord-Orientale dell’Arcipelago Eoliano. In A. Cazzella, A. Guidi and F. Nomi (eds.), Ubi minor … Le isole minori del Mediterraneo centrale dal Neolitico ai primi contatti coloniali. Convegno di Studi in ricordo di Giorgio Buchner, a 100 anni dalla nascita (1914–2014). Scienze dell’Antichità 22(2): 297-313. Rome: Edizioni Quasar.
Bevan, A., and J. Conolly 2013 Mediterranean Islands, Fragile Communities and Persistent Landscapes: Antikythera in Long-Term Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bietti Sestieri, A.M. 1982 Implicazioni del concetto di territorio in situazioni culturali complesse: le isole Eolie nell’età del Bronzo. Dialoghi di Archeologia 2: 39-60.
Il sito di Portella di Salina: una situazione locale nel quadro dei collegamenti fra Oriente ed Occidente Mediterranei nel II millennio a.C. In M.C. Martinelli (ed.), Il villaggio dell’età del Bronzo medio di Portella a Salina nelle Isole Eolie, 311-20. Florence: Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria.
Broodbank, C. 2000 An Island Archaeology of the Early Cyclades. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
The Making of the Middle Sea: A History of the Mediterranean from the Beginning to the Emergence of the Classical World. London: Thames and Hudson.
Does island archaeology matter? In A. Knodell and T.P. Leppard (eds.), Regional Approaches to Society and Complexity: Studies in Honor of John F. Cherry. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology 15: 188-206. Sheffield: Equinox.
Brunelli, D., S.T. Levi, P. Fragnoli, A. Renzulli, P. Santi, E. Paganelli and M.C. Martinelli 2013 The Bronze Age pottery from the Aeolian Islands: definition of temper compositional reference units by an integrated mineralogical and microchemical approach. Applied Physics A 113: 855-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7775-3
Calvo, M., D. Javaloyas, D. Albero, J. Garcia-Rosselló and V. Guerrero 2011 The ways people move: mobility and seascapes in the Balearic Islands during the late Bronze Age (c. 1400–850/800 BC). World Archaeology 43: 345-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2011.605840
Caracuta, V., G. Fiorentino and M.C. Martinelli 2012 Plant remains and AMS: dating climate change in the Aeolian Islands (northeastern Sicily) during the 2nd millennium BC. Radiocarbon 54: 689-700. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200047354
Cavalier, M. 1960 Les cultures préhistoriques des îles Éoliennes et leur rapport avec le monde Égéen. Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique 84: 319-46. https://doi.org/10.3406/bch.1960.1562
Ricerche preistoriche nell’arcipelago eoliano. Rivista di Scienze Preistoriche 34: 45-135.
Villaggio preistorico di San Vincenzo. Sicilia Archeologica 46-47: 27-54.
Cazzella, A., M. Gori, M. Pacciarelli and G. Recchia 2020 2500-2000 BC: connectivity phenomena between the Balkans, Greece, southern Italy, eastern Sicily, the Aeolian Islands and Malta. In M. Bernabò Brea (ed.), Italia tra Mediterraneo ed Europa: mobilità, interazioni e scambi. Rivista di Scienze Preistoriche 70-S1: 181-98. Florence: Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria.
Cherry, J.F. 1982 A preliminary definition of site distribution on Melos. In C. Renfrew and M. Wagstaff (eds.), An Island Polity: The Archaeology of Exploitation in Melos, 10-23. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cherry, J.F., J.L. Davis and E. Mantzourani (eds.) 1991 Landscape Archaeology as Long-term History: Northern Keos in the Cycladic Islands from Earliest Settlement until Modern Times. Monumenta Archaeologica 16. Los Angeles: UCLA Institute of Archaeology.
Cherry, J.F., and T.P. Leppard 2014 A little history of Mediterranean island prehistory. In A.B. Knapp and P. van Dommelen (eds.), The Cambridge Prehistory of the Bronze and Iron Age Mediterranean, 10-24. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHO9781139028387.004
Copat, V., M. Danesi and G. Recchia 2010 Isolation and interaction cycles: small central Mediterranean islands from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age. Shima 4(2): 41-64.
Dawson, H. 2014 Mediterranean Voyages: The Archaeology of Island Colonisation and Abandonment. UCL Institute of Archaeology Publications 62. Walnut Creek, California: Left Coast Press.
a As good as it gets? ‘Optimal’ marginality in the longue durée of the Mediterranean islands. Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies 7: 451-65. https://doi.org/10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.7.4.0451
b Island archaeology. In C. Smith (ed.), Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Online edition. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_3280-1
Network science and island archaeology: advancing the debate. Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology. Online first. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2019.1705439
Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge n.d. Keros Project. Online: https://www.arch.cam.ac.uk/research/projects/current-projects/keros-project
Di Renzoni, A., L. Lopes, M.C. Martinelli and E. Photos-Jones 2016 The relationship between early settlements in arid environments and sources of water supply: the case of the Bronze Age site of San Vincenzo, Stromboli, Italy. In E. Photos-Jones (ed.), Proceedings of the 6th Symposium of the Hellenic Society for Archaeometry. British Archaeological Reports, International Series 2780: 187-93. Oxford: Archaeopress.
DiNapoli, R.J., and T.P. Leppard 2018 Islands as model environments. The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 13: 157-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2017.1311285
Evans, J.D. 1977 Island archaeology in the Mediterranean: problems and opportunities. World Archaeology 9: 12-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.1977.9979682
Fiorentino, G. 2005 Analisi archeobotanica. In M.C. Martinelli (ed.), Il villaggio dell’età del Bronzo Medio di Portella a Salina nelle Isole Eolie, 265-73. Florence: Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria.
Fiorentino, G., G. Colaianni, A.M. Grasso and A. Stellati 2010 Analisi archeobotanica. In M.C. Martinelli, Archeologia delle Isole Eolie. Il villaggio dell’età del Bronzo Medio di Portella a Salina nelle Isole Eolie. Scavi 2006 e 2008, 235-41. Milan: Rebus.
Fitzpatrick, S. 2018 Islands in the comparative stream: the importance of inter-island analogies to archaeological discourse. In A. Knodell and T.P. Leppard (eds.), Regional Approaches to Society and Complexity: Studies in Honor of John F. Cherry. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology 15: 207-24. Sheffield: Equinox.
Forni, F., F. Lucchi, A. Peccerillo, C.A. Tranne, P.L. Rossi and M.L. Frezzotti 2013 Stratigraphy and geological evolution of the Lipari volcanic complex (central Aeolian archipelago). In F. Lucchi, A. Peccerillo, J. Keller, C.A. Tranne and P.L. Rossi (eds.), The Aeolian Islands Volcanoes. Geological Society Memoirs 37: 213-79. London: Geological Society. https://doi.org/10.1144/M37.10
Freund, K.P. 2018 A long-term perspective on the exploitation of Lipari obsidian in central Mediterranean prehistory. Quaternary International 468: 109-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.10.014
Freund, K.P., R.H. Tykot and A. Vianello 2015 Blade production and the consumption of obsidian in Stentinello period Neolithic Sicily. Comptes Rendus Palevol 14: 207-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2015.02.006
Contextualizing the role of obsidian in Chalcolithic Sicily (c. 3500–2500 BC). Lithic Technology 42: 35-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2017.1290335
Gori, M. 2020 K??? ??? ??? ???? ????????. Cetina communities on the move across the central Mediterranean and the Balkans in the 3rd millennium BC. In J. Maran, R. B?jenaru, S.C. Ailinc?i, A.D. Popescu and S. Hansen (eds.), Objects, Ideas and Travelers: Contacts between the Balkans, the Aegean and Western Anatolia during the Bronze and Early Iron Age, 65-83. Bonn: Verlag Rudolf Habelt.
Guidi, A. 2010 The historical development of Italian prehistoric archaeology: a brief outline. Bulletin of the History of Archaeology 20(2): 13-21. https://doi.org/10.5334/bha.20203
Isole nella corrente dei dati archeologici: l’importanza degli arcipelaghi e delle isole minori per la ricostruzione del popolamento antico del Mediterraneo. In A. Cazzella, A. Guidi and F. Nomi (eds.), Ubi minor … Le isole minori del Mediterraneo centrale dal Neolitico ai primi contatti coloniali. Convegno di Studi in ricordo di Giorgio Buchner, a 100 anni dalla nascita (1914–2014). Scienze dell’Antichità 22(2): 11-14. Rome: Edizioni Quasar.
Hofman, C.L., L. Borck, J.E. Laffoon, … M. Favre and M.L.P. Hoogland 2020 Island networks: transformations of inter-community social relationships in the Lesser Antilles at the advent of European colonialism. Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology. Online first. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2020.1748770
Knapp, A.B. 2007 Insularity and island identity in the prehistoric Mediterranean. In S. Antoniadou and A. Pace (eds.), Mediterranean Crossroads, 37-62. Oxford: Oxbow Books.
Maritime narratives of prehistoric Cyprus: seafaring as everyday practice. Journal of Maritime Archaeology 15: 415-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-020-09277-7
Knapp, A.B., and P. van Dommelen 2010 Material connections: mobility, materiality and Mediterranean identities. In P. van Dommelen and A.B. Knapp (eds.), Material Connections in the Ancient Mediterranean. Mobility, Materiality and Mediterranean Identities, 1-18. London: Routledge.
Knappett, C., and I. Nikolakopoulou 2014 Inside out? Materiality and connectivity in the Aegean archipelago. In A.B. Knapp and P. van Dommelen (eds.), The Cambridge Prehistory of the Bronze and Iron Age Mediterranean, 25-39. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CHO9781139028387.005
Knodell, A.R., D. Athanasoulis, Ž. Tankosi?, J.F. Cherry, T. Garonis, E. Levine, D. Nenova and H. Öztürk 2020 An island archaeology of uninhabited landscapes: offshore islets near Paros, Greece (The Small Cycladic Islands Project). The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology. Online first. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2020.1807426
Kythera Island Project n.d. Welcome to the Kythera Island Project (KIP) webpages. Online: https://web.archive.org/web/20180124075741/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/kip
Lambeck, K., F. Antonioli, A. Purcell and S. Silenzi 2004 Sea-level change along the Italian coast for the past 10,000 yr. Quaternary Science Reviews 23: 1567-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.02.009
Lape, P.V. 2004 The isolation metaphor in island archaeology. In S.M. Fitzpatrick (ed.), Voyages of Discovery: The Archaeology of Islands, 223-32. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
Levi, S.T., M. Bettelli, V. Cannavò, A. Di Renzoni, F. Ferranti and L. Galliano 2018 Stromboli: le volcan retrouvé. In M. Bernabò Brea, M. Cultraro, M. Gras, M.C. Martinelli, C. Pouzadoux and U. Spigo (eds.), A Madeleine Cavalier, 79-87. Naples: Centre Jean Bérard.
Levi, S.T., M. Bettelli, V. Cannavò, A. Di Renzoni, F. Ferranti, M.C. Martinelli, A. Ollà and G. Tigano 2017 Stromboli: gateway for early Mycenaean connections through the Strait of Messina. In M. Fotiadis, R. Laffineur, Y. Lolos and A. Vlachopoulos (eds.), HESPEROS. The Aegean Seen from the West. Aegaeum 41: 147-54. Leuven: Peeters.
Levi, S.T., M. Bettelli, V. Cannavò, A. Di Renzoni, F. Ferranti, M.C. Martinelli, P. Vertuani and L. Zaghetto 2020a Looking for codes and paths into the Capo Graziano decoration (Untitled #2). In J. Driessen and A. Vanzetti (eds.), Communication Uneven: Acceptance of and Resistance to Foreign Influences in the Connected Ancient Mediterranean. Aegis 20: 17-37. Louvain: Presses universitaires de Louvain.
Levi, S.T., M. Bettelli, A. Di Renzoni, F. Ferranti and M.C. Martinelli 2011 3500 anni fa sotto il vulcano. La ripresa delle indagini nel villaggio protostorico di San Vincenzo a Stromboli. Rivista di Scienze Preistoriche 61: 159-74.
Levi, S.T., D. Calliari, M. Arzarello, V. Cannavò, A. Di Renzoni and E. Photos-Jones 2019a Obsidian from the Bronze Age village of San Vincenzo, Stromboli, Aeolian Islands: a preliminary investigation. Open Archaeology 5: 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2019-0004
Levi, S.T., V. Cannavò and D. Brunelli 2019b Atlas of Ceramic Fabrics II. Italy: Southern Tyrrhenian. Neolithic – Bronze Age. Oxford: Archaeopress. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvndv8fj
Levi S.T., V. Cannavò, M.C. Martinelli, M. Bettelli, D. Brunelli, A. Di Renzoni and J.L. Williams 2020b Tradition and innovation: pre and protohistoric pottery at Lipari in a wider environmental and cultural perspective. Rivista di Scienze Preistoriche 70: 1-24.
Levi, S.T., M.C. Martinelli, P. Vertuani and J.Ll. Williams 2014 Old or new waves in Capo Graziano decorative styles? Origini 36: 213-44.
Libertini, G. 1921 Le isole Eolie nell’antichità greca e romana. Florence: R. Hemporad e Figlio.
Lo Cascio, P. 2015 Paleontologia. In M.C. Martinelli and P. Lo Cascio (eds.), Vulcanologia: Sezione Territorio Uomo e Ambiente. Guide del Museo Archeologico Regionale ‘L. Bernabò Brea’, 5-11. Palermo: Assessorato dei Beni Culturali e dell’Identità Siciliana.
Luoghi e natura di Sicilia I. Le Isole Eolie. Palermo: Danaus.
Lo Cascio, P., S. Pasta, P.L. Rossi, C.A. Tranne and M. De Luca 2002 Fossili vegetali in depositi vulcanici delle isole Eolie e di Linosa. Implicazioni paleoecologiche. Quaderni del Centro Studi. Rome: ATON.
Malone, C., R. Grima, R. McLaughlin, E.W. Parkinson, S. Stoddart and N. Vella 2020 Temple Places: Excavating Cultural Sustainability in Prehistoric Malta. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Manni, M., M. Coltelli and M.C. Martinelli 2019 Volcanic events that have marked the anthropic history of the Aeolian Islands. Annals of Geophysics 62: V008. https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-7716
Martinelli, M.C. 2005 (ed.) Il villaggio dell’età del Bronzo Medio di Portella a Salina nelle Isole Eolie. Florence: Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria.
Considerazioni ed ipotesi sulla topografia del villaggio e sugli abitanti. In M.C. Martinelli, Archeologia delle Isole Eolie. Il villaggio dell’età del Bronzo Medio di Portella a Salina nelle Isole Eolie. Scavi 2006 e 2008, 193-218. Milan: Rebus.
Updates on the cultural and chronological framework of the prehistory and protohistory of the Aeolian Islands: from the first settlement to the end of the villages. In A. Cazzella, A. Guidi and F. Nomi (eds.), Ubi minor … Le isole minori del Mediterraneo centrale dal Neolitico ai primi contatti coloniali. Convegno di Studi in ricordo di Giorgio Buchner, a 100 anni dalla nascita (1914–2014). Scienze dell’Antichità 22(2): 263-79. Rome: Edizioni Quasar.
The tale of the sea. The Bronze Age cup of Filicudi (Aeolian Islands). In M. Bettelli, M. Del Freo and G.J. van Wijngaarden (eds.), Mediterranea Itinera, Studies in Honour of Lucia Vagnetti, 369-80. Rome: CNR Istituto di Studi sul Mediterraneo Antico.
Isole vicine. L’arcipelago delle isole Eolie e le comunità umane nella preistoria mediterranea. Ragusa: Edizioni di Storia e Studi sociali.
Martinelli, M.C., G. Fiorentino, B. Prosdocimi, C. d’Oronzo, S.T. Levi, G. Mangano, A. Stellati and N. Wolff 2010 Nuove ricerche nell’insediamento sull’istmo di Filo Braccio a Filicudi. Nota preliminare sugli scavi 2009. Origini 32: 285-314.
Martinelli, M.C., and L. Giordano 2017 La facies di Capo Graziano a Lipari nelle Isole Eolie: nuove scoperte in Contrada Diana (Lipari). Rivista di Scienze Preistoriche 66: 255-72.
Martinelli, M.C., and P. Lo Cascio 2018 Topografia della preistoria nelle isole Eolie. In M. Bernabò Brea, M. Cultraro, M. Gras, M.C. Martinelli, C. Pouzadoux and U. Spigo (eds.), A Madeleine Cavalier, 65-78. Naples: Centre Jean Bérard.
Martinelli, M.C., M. Coltelli, M. Manni, L. Bonizzoni, A. Guglielmetti, M. Oddone and M.L. Balestrieri 2020a Prehistorical obsidian sources in the island of Lipari (Aeolian Islands). Open Archaeology 6: 393-402. https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2020-0119
Martinelli, M.C., S.T. Levi and M. Bettelli 2020b Isole Eolie ed Egeo nell’età del Bronzo. In M. Bernabò Brea, Italia tra Mediterraneo ed Europa: mobilità, interazioni e scambi. Rivista di Scienze Preistoriche 70-S1: 523-29. Florence: Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria.
Mercuri, A.M., V. Cannavò, E. Clò, A. Di Renzoni, A. Florenzano, E. Rattighieri, D. Yoon and S.T. Levi 2020 Palynology of San Vincenzo-Stromboli: interdisciplinary perspective for the diachronic palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of an island of Sicily. Journal of Archaeological Science Reports 30: 102235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102235
Nomi, F., and C. Speciale 2017 Castellaro (Lipari, ME). Notiziario di Preistoria e Protostoria 4(3): 87-90.
Orsi, P. 1929 Lipari esplorazioni archeologiche. Notizie degli Scavi di Antichità 7: 61-97.
Pacciarelli, M. 2000 Dal villaggio alla città. La svolta protourbana del 1000 a.C. nell’Italia tirrenica. Grandi contesti e problemi della protostoria italiana 4. Florence: All’Insegna del Giglio.
Rattighieri, E., A. Florenzano, A.M. Mercuri and S.T. Levi 2012 Palinologia applicata al sito di San Vincenzo-Stromboli (Bronzo Medio) per una ricostruzione archeoambientale. In G. Vezzalini and P. Zannini (eds.), Atti del VII Congresso Nazionale di Archeometria, 22-24 febbraio 2012, 1-9. Bologna: Pa?tron.
Recchia, G., and G. Fiorentino 2015 Archipelagos adjacent to Sicily around 2200 BC: attractive environments or suitable geo-economic locations? In H. Meller, H.W. Arz, R. Jung and R. Risch (eds.), 2200 BC—Ein Klimasturz als Ursache für den Zerfall der Alten Welt? Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle 12: 305-19. Halle: Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte.
Robb, J. 2001 Island identities: ritual, travel and the creation of difference in Neolithic Malta. European Journal of Archaeology 4: 175-202. https://doi.org/10.1177/146195710100400202
Russell, A. 2017 Sicily without Mycenae: a cross-cultural consumption analysis of connectivity in the Bronze Age central Mediterranean. Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology 30: 59-83.
Speciale, C. 2016 Human-Environment Dynamics during the Bronze Age: A Paleodemographic Model on the Aeolian Islands. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Università del Salento, Italy.
Speciale, C., C. D’Oronzo, A. Stellati and G. Fiorentino 2016 Ubi minor … deinde summa? Archaeobotanical data from the prehistoric village of Filo Braccio (Filicudi, Aeolian Archipelago): spatial analysis, crop production and paleoclimate reconstruction. In A. Cazzella, A. Guidi and F. Nomi (eds.), Ubi minor … Le isole minori del Mediterraneo centrale dal Neolitico ai primi contatti coloniali. Convegno di Studi in ricordo di Giorgio Buchner, a 100 anni dalla nascita (1914–2014). Scienze dell’Antichità 22(2): 281-86. Rome: Edizioni Quasar.
Stellati, A., and G. Fiorentino 2016 Food strategies and supplies: inferring crop provenience from carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes analysis. Poster presented at 17th International Workgroup of Palaeoethnobotany, 4-9 July, Paris, France.
Tigano, G., S.T. Levi, B. Prosdocimi and A. Vanzetti 2009 Il villaggio protostorico di Viale dei Cipressi e la facies Capo Graziano. In G. Tigano (ed.), Mylai II: Scavi e ricerche nell’area urbana (1996-2005), 23-144. Messina: Regione Siciliana, Assessorato dei Beni Culturali.
Tripodo, A., S. Casella, P. Pino, M. Mandarano and R. Rasà 2012 Geomorphological map of the Lipari volcanic island (Aeolian Archipelago – Italy). Journal of Maps 8: 107-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2012.668770
Tykot, R. 2019 Geological sources of obsidian on Lipari and artifact production and distribution in the Neolithic and Bronze Age central Mediterranean. Open Archaeology 5: 83-105. https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2019-0007
van Dommelen, P. 1999 Islands in history. Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology 12: 246-51. https://doi.org/10.1558/jmea.v12i2.29974
Vidale, M., S.T. Levi, M. Bettelli, … C. Triolo and M. Triolo 2018 Eating molluscs at Stromboli (Aeolian Islands, Italy), 1700 BC. Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici 4: 161-90.
Zeder, M.A. 2008 Domestication and early agriculture in the Mediterranean basin: origins, diffusion, and impact. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105: 11597-604. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0801317105
