What The Sister Knew
A South Indian Folk Epic from the Sister’s Point of View
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/rsth.v33i1.65Keywords:
Annanmar Katai, Tamil epic, folk epic, kinship, sibling rivalry, sibling bonds, brother-sister relationship, Śiva, Pārvatī, Celatta, South Indian religious lifeAbstract
This essay looks beneath the surface of the “Annanmar Katai,” a major folk epic from Tamilnadu, to discover how the lone female in a set of three siblings leads a life very different from that of her two elder brothers. In the absence of their parents, these men enjoy their life as twin rulers of a small kingdom. Meanwhile their sister sits alone on her swing inside the family palace. Her brothers undertake many wondrous adventures while she slowly develops her own ability to see into the future through dreams. Gradually, however, this unmarried girl discovers that her brothers are not keeping their side of the traditional sibling contract. Brothers should listen to and protect their female siblings. Their sisters (especially virgin ones) will then reciprocate by magically transferring their stored-up powers to their brothers’ swords. When, in this folk legend, two powerful brothers withhold information, their sister starts to keep her insights secret too. The family kingdom now starts to fall apart as this key understanding between a sister and her brothers grows frayed. In sum, the essay reveals the major importance given to the maintenance of a positive, life-long brother-sister bond of reciprocity in traditional Tamil culture.
References
Beck, Brenda. 2014. “Goddesses That Dwell On Earth: A Folk Paradigm of Divine Female Multiplicity.” In Inventing and Reinventing the Local Goddess, edited by Sree Padma. Lexington Books, Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group (forthcoming).
———. 2013. The Legend of Ponnivala, 2 vols. Gore’s Landing, Ontario: Ponnivala Publishing (this two volume graphic novel version of the story is available in various printed and digital formats from: www.ponnivalamarket.com.
———. 1992. Elder Brothers Story, (Tamil and English on facing pages), 2 vols. Madras, India: Institute of Asian Studies.
———. 1982. The Three Twins: The Telling of a South Indian Folk Epic. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Fuller, C. J. 1984. Servants of the Goddess: The Priests of a South Indian Temple. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Handelman, Don and David Dean Shulman. 1997. God inside out: Siva’s Game of Dice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1962. La Pensée Sauvage. Paris: Plon.
Richman, Paula. 1997. Extraordinary Child: Poems from a South Indian Devotional Genre. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Shulman, David. 2001. “Dreaming the Self in South India.” In The Wisdom of Poets: Studies in Tamil, Telugu and Sanskrit, edited by David Shulman, 213–251. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
White, David Gordon. 2009. Sinister Yogis. Chicago, Il: University of Chicago Press.
