Forever underground, forever black

The Indonesian death metal scene as mythscape and the Ujung Berung death metal scene as myth

Authors

  • Kieran Edmond James University of the West of Scotland Author
  • Rex John Walsh University of Western Sydney Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1558/pomh.20503

Keywords:

Bandung Death Metal, Indonesian popular music, Ujung Berung, governing myth, industrialization, mythscape

Abstract

Because it has been integral to the history and marketing of Bandung death metal, the satellite town of Ujung Berung aka Ujungbronx, in Bandung’s outer southeastern suburbs, has become a revered and romanticized myth throughout all of Indonesia’s underground scenes. The Indonesian underground constitutes the mythscape or page where alternative myths are promulgated, expanded, debated, opposed, or reimagined. While the governing myth of Ujung Berung scene as paramount is widely accepted in West Java province, it is accepted somewhat reluctantly, and with mild criticism, in the East Javanese and Jogjakarta scenes. However, in Surabaya, there is a recognition that the moment when the governing myth could have been overthrown, at least within East Java, is long past. History belongs to the victors.

Author Biographies

  • Kieran Edmond James, University of the West of Scotland

    Dr Kieran James is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Business and Creative Industries, University of the West of Scotland. He researches in Indonesian popular music, Fiji soccer history, men and masculinities, Singapore politics, sport history, and sociology of sport. He has published on Indonesian death metal in Musicology Australia, Journal of Popular Music Studies, Popular Music, and Metal Music Studies.

  • Rex John Walsh, University of Western Sydney

    Rex John Walsh lectures in accounting and law. He researches social and political matters, Indonesian popular music, men and masculinities, and sociology of sport. Rex has published in many publications including Musicology Australia, Journal of Popular Music Studies, Popular Music, and Metal Music Studies.

References

Anderson, B. 1983. Imagined Communities. London: Verso.

Appadurai, A. 1990. ‘Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy’. In Global Culture: Nationalism, Globalisation and Modernity, ed. M. Featherstone, 295–316. London: Sage. https://doi.org/10.1177/026327690007002017

Appadurai, A. 1996. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

Baulch, E. 2003. ‘Gesturing Elsewhere? The Identity Politics of the Balinese Death/Thrash Metal Scene’. Popular Music 22/2: 195–215. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026114300300312X

Baulch, E. 2020. Genre Publics: Popular Music, Technologies and Class in Indonesia. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.

Bazin, A. 1967. ‘The Ontology of the Photographic Image’. In What is Cinema?, ed. and trans. Hugh Gray. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Bell, D. S. A. 2003. ‘Mythscapes: Memory, Mythology, and National Identity’. British Journal of Sociology 54/1: 63–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/0007131032000045905

Bennett, A. 2002. ‘Music, Media and Urban Mythscapes: A Study of the “Canterbury Sound”’. Media, Culture & Society 24/1: 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/016344370202400105

Cardiff, D., and P. Scannell. 1987. ‘Broadcasting and National Unity’. In Impacts and Influences, ed. J. Curran et al. London: Methuen.

Hutabarat, F., and I. R. A. Kusumah. n.d. ‘Market Development using Community Shared Values: The Case of Burgerkill’. http://www.creativeconference.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Felencia-Kimung-Paper-revised.pdf (accessed 14 June 2018, no longer live).

James, K., and R. Walsh. 2015. ‘Bandung Rocks, Cibinong Shakes: Economics and Applied Ethics within the Indonesian Death-metal Community’. Musicology Australia 37/1: 27–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/08145857.2015.1021438

James, K., and R. Walsh. 2019. ‘Religion and Heavy Metal Music in Indonesia’. Popular Music 38/2: 276–97. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143019000102

Kahn-Harris, K. 2007. Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge. London and New York: Berg.

Kahn-Harris, K. 2019. ‘“Coming Out”: Realizing the Possibilities of Metal’. In Heavy Metal, Gender and Sexuality, ed. Florian Heesch and Niall Scott, 26–38. London: Routledge.

Martin-Iverson, S. 2021. ‘The Value of the Underground: Punk, Politics, and Creative Urbanism in Bandung, Indonesia’. Cultural Studies 35/1: 110–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502386.2020.1844261

Marx, K., and F. Engels. 1972 [1848]. ‘The Manifesto of the Communist Party’. In On Historical Materialism, ed. T. Borodulina, 84–102. Moscow: Progress Publishers.

Mills, P. 1985. ‘An International Audience?’ Media, Culture and Society 7: 493. https://doi.org/10.1177/016344385007004006

Minh-ha, T. 1993. ‘The Totalizing Quest of Meaning’. In Theorizing Documentary, ed. M. Renov, 90–107. London: Routledge.

Morley, D., and K. Robins. 1989. ‘Spaces of Identity: Communications Technologies and the Reconfiguration of Europe’. Screen 30/4: 10–34. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/30.4.10

Orr, D. 2020. Motherwell: A Girlhood. London: Orion.

Prasetyo, F. A. 2017. ‘Punk and the City: A History of Punk in Bandung’. Punk & Post-Punk 6/2: 189–211. https://doi.org/10.1386/punk.6.2.189_1

Purcell, N. J. 2003. Death Metal Music: The Passion and Politics of a Subculture. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Co.

Renov, M. 1993. ‘Introduction: The Truth about Non-fiction’. In Theorizing Documentary, ed. M. Renov, 1–11. London: Routledge.

Smart, B. 1993. Postmodernity. London: Routledge.

Spracklen, K. 2016. ‘What Did the Norwegians Ever Do for Us? Actor-Network Theory, the Second Wave of Black Metal, and the Imaginary Community of Heavy Metal’. In Heavy Metal Music and the Communal Experience, ed. Nelson Varas-Diaz and Niall Scott, 151–67. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.

Spracklen, K. 2020. Metal Music and the Re-Imagining of Masculinity, Place, Race and Nation. Bingley, UK: Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/9781838674434

Urry, J. 1990. The Tourist Gaze: Leisure and Travel in Contemporary Societies. London: Sage.

Vallen, S. 2019. ‘“A Blaze in the Northern Suburbs”: Australian Extreme Metal’s Larrikinish Lineage’. In Australian Metal Music: Identities, Scenes, and Cultures, ed. Catherine Hoad, 37–53. Bingley, UK: Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-167-420191013

Wallach, J. 2008. Modern Noise, Fluid Genres: Popular Music in Indonesia, 1997–2001. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.

Wallach, J. 2011. ‘Unleashed in the East: Metal Music, Masculinity, and “Malayness” in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore’. In Metal Rules the Globe: Heavy Metal Music around the World, ed. Jeremy Wallach, Harris M. Berger and Paul D. Greene, 86–105. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822392835-004

Weinstein, D. 2019. ‘Playing with Gender in the Key of Metal’. In Heavy Metal, Gender and Sexuality, ed. Florian Heesch and Niall Scott, 11–25. London: Routledge.

White, H. 1978. ‘Introduction: Tropology, Discourse, and the Modes of Human Consciousness’. In Tropics of Discourse: Essays in Cultural Criticism. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Published

2023-11-28

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

James, K. E., & Walsh, R. J. (2023). Forever underground, forever black: The Indonesian death metal scene as mythscape and the Ujung Berung death metal scene as myth. Popular Music History, 15(1), 33–53. https://doi.org/10.1558/pomh.20503