Slavic Messianism in Bulgaria

The White Brotherhood and the Question of National Identity (1920-1944)

Authors

  • Thomas Heinzel University of Erfurt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsnr.v2i1.55

Keywords:

esotericism, Theosophy, messianism, Slavdom, Bogomils

Abstract

This paper considers the adoption and modification of Western esoteric discourses in the context of a Southeast European alternative religious movement, Petar Danov's White Brotherhood. The analysis focuses on the views the Bulgarian master and his followers espoused during the interwar period and the Second World War regarding their country's national identity and history. Based on the macro-historical conception of Theosophy, the White Brothers believed in Slavdom's, and especially Bulgaria's, messianic calling to unite mankind in order to prepare for the emergence of a new human race. The goal of this paper is not only to outline these messianic ideas but also to shed light on their historico-cultural context and on influences that possibly contributed to their formulation.

Author Biography

  • Thomas Heinzel, University of Erfurt

    I am a doctoral student receiving a monthly scholarship from a so-called research training group funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation). This research training group – a cooperation between the universities of Jena and Erfurt - is called “Cultural Orientations and Institutional Order in Southeast Europe”. My PhD project is a comparative study of two alternative religious movements in Bulgaria and Greece between the World Wars.

References

Asenov, Bonco. 1998 Religiite i sektite v Balgariya. Sofia: Poligraf.

Atanasova, Violina. 1999 "Izmereniya na religioznoto prostranstvo na iztocniya misticizam v Balgariya (do sredata na XX vek)." In Religiya i Carkva v Balgariya, edited by Georgi Bakalov, 372-380. Sofia: Izdat. Kasta "Gutenberg."

"The Social Adaptation of the White Brotherhood (Mid-40s-Late 60s of the 20th Century)." Bulgarian Historical Review 1/2: 158-183.

Benovska-Sabkova, Milena. 1998 "Political Myth and Religion." Ethnologia Balkanica 2: 137-143.

Boev, Boyan. 1937 Misiyata na bogomilstvoto v svrazka s misiyata na slavyanstvoto. Kazanlak: Pecatnica "Gutenberg."

Blavatsky, Helena. 1968 The Key to Theosophy. Boston: Elibron.

Bosnakova, Milkana ed. 2010 Licen Beleznik na Petar K. Danov. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

Bozoky, Edina. 2005 "Bogomilism." In Dictionary of Gnosis and Western Esotericism, edited by Wouter J. Hanegraaff, with Jean-Pierre Brach, Roelof van den Broek and Antoine Faivre, 192-194. Leiden: Brill.

Crampton, Richard. 1997 A Concise History of Bulgaria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Danov, Petar (Beinsa Duno). 1901 "Ustroystvo na mozaka i cerepa." Rodina. Mesecno spisanie za nauka, literatura i obstestven zivot 11: 424-428.

Vsickiyat dalg. URL http://triangle.bg/books/1920-02-12-19.1995/1920-12-31--1.html. Accessed 26 October 2010.

Ste badat opitani. URL http://triangle.bg/books/1939-09-24-05.1997/1939-11-05-05.html. Accessed 26 October 2010.

Der Meister Spricht. Das Wort der Hohen Universalen Bruderschaft. Remagen: Otto Reichl Verlag. (engl. The Master Speaks: The Words of the Great Universal Brotherhood, Los Angeles: Sunrise Press, 1970).

Bogomilstvo, Slavyanstvo, Vazrazdane. Sofiya: Kheliopol.

Akordirane na Coveskata Dusa. Tom II. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

Izrail i Balgarin. Sofiya: Kheliopol.

Allumfassende Liebe. Schaffhausen: Oratio Verlag.

Toy Ide. Nacalno Slovo 1896-1904. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

Verigata na Bozestvenata Lyubov. Godisni Sresti 1903-1915. Sofiya: Izdat.

"Zakhariy Stoyanov." 2008 Za misticnite uceniya. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

Akordirane na Coveskata Dusa. Tom III. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

Dimitrova, Nina. 2006 Religiya i Nacionalizam: idei za religiyata v mezduvoenniya period v Balgariya. Sofiya: Izdat. "Faber."

Debati okolo balgarskiya gnosticizam - XX vek. Veliko Tarnovo: Izdat. "Faber."

Elenkov, Ivan, ed. 1994 Zasto sme takiva? V tarsene na balgarskata kulturna identicnost. Sofi ya: Pro-Sofiya: Prosveta.

Kalev, Dimitar. 2002 "Kategoriyata lyubov i problemat za drugiya v ucenieto na Petar Danov." Demokraticeski Pregled 50: 356-373.

Kalnev, Mikhail. 1995 "Nravstvenoto i socialno-politiceskoto ucenie na Danov i danovistite pred sada na Bozieto slovo." In Danovizmat bez maska, 126-137. Sofia: Izd. "Monarkhicesko-Konservativen Sajuz," 1995.

Kohn, Hans. 1960 Pan-Slavism. Its History and Ideology. New York: Vintage Books.

Kraleva, Milka. 2001 The Master Peter Deunov. His Life and Teaching. Sofiya: Kibea.

Krastev, Vergiliy. 1995a Izgrevat na Byaloto Bratstvo. Tom 2. Sofiya: Biblioteka "Ziten Klas."

b Izgrevat na Byaloto Bratstvo. Tom 3. Sofiya: Biblioteka "Ziten Klas."

c Izgrevat na Byaloto Bratstvo. Tom 4. Sofiya: Biblioteka "Ziten Klas."

a Izgrevat na Byaloto Bratstvo. Tom 5. Sofiya: Biblioteka "Ziten Klas."

b Izgrevat na Byaloto Bratstvo. Tom 6. Sofiya: Biblioteka "Ziten Klas."

Krasztev, Peter and Kerenyi, Szabina. 2001 "Spirit Awakening at Sunrise. Peter Danov and the White Brotherhood: Attempting Interpretation." Ethnologia Balkanica 5: 79-100.

Lazarova, Emiliya. 1997 Slavyanskoto Dvizenie v Balgariya. Sofiya: Izdat. Pelikan Alfa.

Liceva, Milena. 1994 "Ucenieto na Petar Danov i indiyskata filosofia i religiya." Filosofski Alternativi 3: 118-122.

"Universalnoto v ucenieto na Petar Danov--sravnitelen analiz." Filosofski Alternativi 5: 102-109.

Lorimer, David, ed. 1991a The Circle of Sacred Dance: Peter Deunov's Paneurhythmy. Shaftesbury: Element.

b Prophet for Our Times: The Life and Teaching of Peter Deunov. Shaftesbury: Element.

Melton, J. Gordon. 1999 "Universal White Brotherhood." In Encyclopedia of American religions, 1660-1661. Detroit: Gale Research.

Malia, Martin Edward. 1999 Russia under Western Eyes: From the Bronze Horseman to the Lenin Mausoleum. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Nusev, Cvetolyub, ed. 1999 Pisma na Ucitelya Petar Danov do doktor Georgi Mirkovic 1889-1902. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

Petkov, Todor. 1998 Patevoditel za dukhovnite obstnosti v Balgariya. Sofiya: IK "Litvara."

P.G. (Penyu Ganev). 1925 "Novo Ucenie (prodalzenie)." Novo Covecestvo 1 (6/7): 92-97.

Santucci, James. 2005 "Theosophical Society." In Dictionary of Gnosis and Western Esotericism, edited by Wouter J. Hanegraaff, with Jean-Pierre Brach, Roelof van den Broek and Antoine Faivre, 1114-1123. Leiden: Brill.

Steiner, Rudolf. 1910 Die Mission einzelner Volksseelen. URL http://www.anthroposophie.net/steiner/ga/bib_steiner_ga_121_10.htm. Accessed 26 October 2010.

Teosofiya. 1920/21 "Ot redaktorskiya stol." Teosofiya. Organ na Teosofskoto Obstestvo v Balgariya 4: 97-100.

Velikite Balgari (opinion poll conducted by Bulgarian National Television). 2007 URL http://www.velikite.bg/index.php?p=4&id=58. Accessed 6 January 2011.

Webb, James. 2008 Das Zeitalter des Irrationalen. Politik, Kultur und Okkultismus im 20. Jahrhundert. Wiesbaden: Marixverlag.

Wesley, John. 1781 A Concise Ecclesiastical History: From the Birth of Christ to the Beginning of the Present Century, in Four Volumes. London: Paramore.

Zitno Zarno. 1929 Kakvo e dala Balgariya na sveta. URL http://www.bratstvoto.net/vehadi/menu/jzarno/pdf/JZ-05-03.pdf. Accessed 25 October 2010.

Misiyata na Bogomilstvoto. Uvodni Dumi. URL http://www.bratstvoto.net/vehadi/menu/jzarno/pdf/JZ-06-05-6.pdf. Accessed 25 October 2010.

Misiyata na Bogomilstvoto. URL http://www.bratstvoto.net/vehadi/menu/jzarno/pdf/JZ-06-09-10.pdf. Accessed 25 October 2010.

Zlatev, Konstantin. 2005a Ucenieto na Byaloto Bratstvo. Cast I. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

b Ucenieto na Byaloto Bratstvo. Cast II. Sofiya: Izdat. "Byalo Bratstvo."

Ucenieto na Byaloto Bratstvo. Cast III. Sofiya: Izdat."Byalo Bratstvo."

Published

2011-08-14

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Heinzel, T. (2011). Slavic Messianism in Bulgaria: The White Brotherhood and the Question of National Identity (1920-1944). International Journal for the Study of New Religions, 2(1), 55-75. https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsnr.v2i1.55