Labelling black male genitalia and the ‘new racism’
the discursive construction of sexual racism by a group of Southern African college students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/genl.v10i1.21434Keywords:
black genitalia, metaphor, zoomorphy, weaponry, animalism, sexual racismAbstract
This article explores the discursive construction of sexual racism through names assigned to the black penis by black male college students in Southern Africa. This analysis reveals use of three frequently occurring metaphors: zoomorphs, weapons and heroic historical figures. Collectively, these frequently occurring metaphors associate Southern African black men with notions of (i) wild, animalistic sexuality, (ii) dangerous, violent behaviour, and (iii) large sexual organs, which were prevalent racist ideologies of black male bodies during the colonial period. In addition, perceptions of sociocultural power dynamics attributed to patriarchy are foregrounded through metaphors related to royalty, indicating that names assigned to male genitalia align not only with the colonial construction of sexual racism but also with patriarchal gender relations. The article concludes by suggesting that names assigned to the black penis embody inherent contradictions that are not only characteristic of Southern African masculinities but also significantly complicate the dichotomy between ‘self’ and ‘other’, or ‘us’ and ‘them’, in contemporary Southern Africa.
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Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980) Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Larsen, J. (2010) The social vagina: labia elongation and social capital among women in Rwanda. Culture, Health and Sexuality: An International Research, Intervention and Care 12(7): 813–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2010.498057
Lave, J. and Wenger. E. (1991). Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815355
Magubane, Z. (2002) Black skins, black masks or the return of the white Negro: race, masculinity and the public personas of Dennis Rodman and Ru Paul. Men and Masculinities 4(3): 233–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184X02004003002
Makoni, B. (2015) Labeling female genitalia in a Southern African context: gendering of embodiment, Africana womanism and the politics of reclamation. Feminist Studies 41(1): 42–71.
Makoni, B., Makoni, S. B. and Mashiri, P. (2007) Naming practices and language planning in Zimbabwe. Current Issues in Language Planning 8(3): 437–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/cilp126.0
Makoni, B., Makoni, S. B. and Pfukwa, C. (2010) Language planning, language ideology and entextualization: war naming practices. Names: A Journal of Onomastics 58(4): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/002777310X12852321500185
Mallinson, C. and Childs, B. (2007) Communities of practice in sociolinguistic description: analyzing language and identity practices among black women in Appalachia. Gender and Language 1(2): 173–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/genl.v1i2.173
Maurer, S. (2000) Embodied public policies: the sexual stereotyping of black women in the design and implementation of US policies. Journal of Public and International Affairs 11: 36–51.
McEntee-Atalianis, L. J. (2011) The role of metaphor in shaping the identity and agenda of the United Nations: the imagining of an international community and international threat. Discourse and Communication 5(4): 393–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750481311418099
Meiu, G. P. (2009) ‘Mombasa morans’: embodiment, sexual morality, and Samburu men in Kenya. Canadian Journal of African Studies 43(1): 105–28.
Milani, T. M. (2011) Re-casting language and masculinities. Gender and Language 5(2): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/genl.v5i2.175
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Published
2016-03-17
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Makoni, B. (2016). Labelling black male genitalia and the ‘new racism’: the discursive construction of sexual racism by a group of Southern African college students. Gender and Language, 10(1), 48-72. https://doi.org/10.1558/genl.v10i1.21434
