The Event-Domain Cognitive Model perspective on terminology
A case study of atmospheric environment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40607-019-00054-wKeywords:
Event-Domain Cognitive Model, Terminology, Atmospheric environment, ConceptualizationAbstract
While terminology as independent discipline has moved toward two general orientations—the direction of the traditional terminology once predominating in early terminological development and the conficting ones occurring afterward—some essential issues of terminology still remain of concern, for example, relations between terms, concepts, and the world. Following the literature review on earlier research of such relations, two triangles similar to the semiotic triangle based on previous pertinent philosophy and linguistics are proposed. One is the triangle underlying traditional terminology; the other is linked with the cognitive linguistic perspective on terminology or cognitive terminology, for instance, Temmerman (Toward New Ways of Terminology Description: The Sociocognitive Approach. John Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia 2000) and Faber (Investigar en terminología. Granada, Comares, 2002; A Cognitive Linguistics View of Terminology and Specialized Language. De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2012). With the foundation of the cognitive terminological studies, in particular based on the theory of the Event-Domain Cognitive Model (ECM) by Wang (Modern Foreign Languages 28(1):17–26, 2005), along with the later proposal of the Environmental Event (EE) by the Faber group, understanding of special terms on atmospheric environment (AE) is enhanced. Before giving an explanation about construal of AE terms, I drew on relevant corpora and term extraction tools to retrieve the terms. Following analyses of the AE terms, exemplifed by the term “air/??”, with the ECM and its specifc variants, it is concluded that the three-level ECM is truly valuable for revealing cognitive structures and corresponding semantic content of the term, which is also informative helping to identify other potential terms acting not just as nouns but also as verbs and adjectives, etc.
References
Cabré, M. T. 1999. Terminology theory, methods and applications. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Cabré, M. T. 2003. Theories of terminology: Their description. Prescription and evaluation. Terminology 9 (2): 163–200.
Campo, A. 2012. The reception of Eugen Wüster’s work and the development of terminology. PhD thesis presented at the University of Montréal, Montréal.
Cienki, A. J. 2007. Frames, idealized cognitive models, domains. In The Oxford handbook of cognitive linguistics, ed. D. Geeraerts and H. Cuyckens, 170–187. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Drouin, P. 2003. Term extraction using non-technical corpora as a point of leverage. Terminology 9 (1): 99–117.
Evans, D. and D. Green. (eds.). 2009. Ten Years of Triumph of the Moon: A Collection of Essays, London: Hidden Publications.
Evans, V. 2006. Lexical concepts, cognitive models and meaning-construction. Cognitive Linguistics 17 (4): 491–534.
Evans, V. 2007. A glossary of cognitive linguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Evans, V. and M. Green. 2006. Cognitive linguistics: an introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Faber, P. 2002. Investigar en Terminología. In Investigar en Terminología, ed. P. Faber and C. J. Hurtado. Granada: Comare, pp 3–23
Faber, P. 2003. Terminological competence and enhanced knowledge acquisition. Research in Language 1: 95–117.
Faber, P., C. Márquez Linares and M. Vega Expósito. 2005. Framing terminology: a process-oriented approach. Meta: Journal des traducteurs/Meta: Translators’ Journal 50 (4).
Faber, P. 2011. The dynamics of specialized knowledge representation: simulational reconstruction or the perception-action interface. Terminology 17 (1): 9–29.
Faber, P. (ed.). 2012. A cognitive linguistics view of terminology and specialized language. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Faber, P. 2015. Frames as a framework for terminology. In Handbook of terminology, ed. H. J. Kockaert and F. Steurs, 14–33. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Faber, P., and M. B. Castro. 2014. EcoLexicon. In Proceedings of the XVI EURALEX International Congress, ed. C. V. A. Abel and N. Ralli, 601–607. Bolzano: EURALEX.
Faber, P., S. Montero Martínez, M. R. Castro Prieto, J. Senso Ruiz, J. A. Prieto Velasco, P. León Araúz, C. Márquez Linares, and M. Vega Expósito. 2006. Process-oriented terminology management in the domain of coastal engineering. Terminology 12 (2): 189–213.
Faber, P., P. León Araúz, and J. A. Prieto Velasco. 2009. Semantic relations, dynamicity, and terminological knowledge bases. Current Issues in Language Studies 1 (1): 1–23.
Faber, P., P. León Araúz, and A. Reimerink. 2011. Knowledge representation in EcoLexicon. In Technological innovation in the teaching and processing of LSPs: proceedings of TISLID, ed. N. Talaván, E. M. Monje, and F. Palazón, 367–385. Madrid: Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia.
Faber, P., P. León-Araúz, and A. Reimerink. 2014. Representing environmental knowledge in EcoLexicon. Languages for specifc purposes in the digital era. Educational Linguistics 19: 267–301.
Faber P, León-Araúz P, Reimerink A (2016) EcoLexicon: new features and challenges. In: Kernerman I, Trojina K, Krek S, Trap-Jensen L (eds) GLOBALEX 2016: lexicographic resources for human language technology in conjunction with the 10th edition of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. Portorož, pp 73–80
Fillmore, C. J. 1968. The case for case. In Universals in linguistic theory, ed. E. Bach and R. H. Holt. New York: Rinehard and Winston.
Fillmore, C. J. 1976. Frame semantics and the nature of language. Annals New York Academy of Sciences: Conference on the Origin and Development of Language and Speech 280: 20–32.
Fillmore, C. J. 1982. Frame semantics. In Linguistics in the morning calm, ed. Linguistic Society of Korea, 111–137. Seoul: Hanshin.
Fillmore, C. J. and S. Atkins. 1998. FrameNet and lexicographic relevance. In Proceedings of the Granada Conference on Linguistic Resources, 417 423.
Fillmore, C. J. 2006. Frame Semantics. In Cognitive linguistics: basic readings, ed. D. Geeraerts, 373–400. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Fillmore, C. J., and S. Atkins. 1992. Towards a frame-based organization of the lexicon: the semantics of RISK and its neighbors. In Frames, felds, and contrast: new essays in semantics and lexical organization, ed. A. Lehrer and E. Kittay, 75–102. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Fillmore, C. J., and C. Baker. 2010. A frames approach to semantic analysis. In The Oxford handbook of linguistic analysis, ed. B. Heine and H. Narrog, 313–339. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gärdenfors, P. 1998. Some tenets of cognitive semantics. In Cognitive semantics: meaning and cognition, ed. J. Allwood and P. Gärdenfors, 19–36. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins.
Gaudin, F. 1993. Pour une socioterminologie: Des problèmes pratiques aux pratiques institutionnelles. Rouen: Publications de l’Université de Rouen.
Gaudin, F. 2003. Socioterminologie: Une approche sociolinguistique de la terminologie. Bruxelles: Duculot.
Grinev, S., and I. Klepalchenko. 1999. Terminological approach to knowledge representation. In TKE’99: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Terminology and Knowledge Engineering, 147–151. Vienna: TermNet.
Johnson, M. 1987. The body in the mind: the bodily basis of meaning, imagination and reason. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Kilgarrif, A., V. Baisa, J. Bušta, M. Jakubí?ek, V. Ková?, J. Michelfeit, P. Rychlý, and V. Suchomel. 2014. The sketch engine: 10 years on. Lexicography 1 (1): 7–36.
L’Homme, M. C. 2015. Terminologies and taxonomies. In The Oxford handbook of the word, ed. J. R. Taylor, 334–349. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
L’Homme, M. C. 2018. Maintaining the balance between knowledge and the lexicon in terminology: a methodology based on frame semantics. Lexicography 4 (1): 3–21.
L’Homme, M. C. and B. Robichaud. 2014. Frames and terminology: Representing predicative terms in the feld of the environment. In Conference of Cognitive Aspects of the Lexicon, Cogalex 2014. Coling 2014. Dublin, Ireland.
L’Homme, M. C., B. Robichaud and N. Prévil. 2018. Browsing the terminological structure of a specialized domain: a method based on lexical functions and their classifcation. In Proceedings of the 11th Edition of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. Miyazaki, Japan.
Lakof, G. 1987. Women, fre and dangerous things: what categories reveal about the mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lakof, G., and M. Johnson. 1980. Metaphors we live by. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Langacker, R. 1987. Foundations of cognitive grammar, vol. I. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Langacker, R. W. 1991. Foundations of cognitive grammar, descriptive application, Vol. II. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Langacker, R. W. 2002. Concept, image, and symbol: the cognitive basis of grammar. Berlin/New York: Mouton De Gruyter.
León Araúz, P., P. Magaña and P. Faber. 2009. Building the SISE: an environmental ontology. In Proceedings of the EU Conference, Towards eEnvironment, Opportunities of SEIS and SISE: Integrating Environmental Knowledge, ed. J. Hrebícek, J. Hradec, E. Pelikán, O. Mírovský, W. Pillmann, I. Holoubek, and T. Bandholtz. Brno: Masaryk University.
León-Araúz, P., A. Reimerink and P. Faber. 2008. PUERTOTERM and MARCOCOSTA: a frame-based knowledge base for the environmental domain. In Proceedings of the XVIII FIT World Congress. Shanghai: Foreign Languages Press.
Liu, Y. 2014. Analyses of construal characteristics in meaning formation of Jianyu construction: an Event-Domain Cognitive Model perspective. Foreign Language Education 35 (6): 27–31.
Lu, J. 2011. Language memes and the Event-Domain Cognitive Model: with special reference to the “Renrou Hunt” event. Modern Foreign Languages 34 (3): 254–261.
Martin, W. 1998. Frames as defnition models for terms. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Professional Communication and Knowledge Transfer. Vienna: TermNet.
Mel’cuk, I., A. Clas, and A. Polguère. 1995. Introduction à la Lexicologie Explicative et Combinatoire. Bruxelles: Duculot.
Ogden, C. K., and I. A. Richards (eds.). 1923. The meaning of meaning: a study of the infuence of language upon thought and of the science of symbolism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Panther, K. U. and L. Thornburg. 1999. The POTENTIALITY FOR ACTUALITY metonymy in English grammar. In Metonymy in Language and Thought. ed. by K. U. Panther and G. Radden, 333–357. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Peng, Y. 2013. Skin-sense adjectives in English and Chinese: a cognitive semantic perspective. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Reimerink, A., and P. Faber. 2009. EcoLexicon: a frame-based knowledge base for the environment. In Proceedings of the EU Conference, Towards eEnvironment, Opportunities of SEIS and SISE: Integrating Environmental Knowledge in Europe, ed. J. Hrebícek, J. Hradec, E. Pelikán, O. Mírovský, W. Pillmann, I. Holoubek, and T. Bandholtz, 25–27. Brno: Masaryk University.
Reimerink, A., P. León Araúz, and P. Faber. 2010. A qualia-based description of specialized knowledge units in the lexical-constructional model. Terminàlia 1: 17–25.
Rosch, E. 1978. Principles of categorization. In Cognition and categorization, ed. E. Rosch and B. B. Lloyd, 27–48. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
San Martín, A., M. Cabezas-García, M. Buendía, B. Sánchez-Cárdenas, P. León-Araúz, and P. Faber. 2017. Recent advances in EcoLexicon. Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America 38 (1): 96–115.
Schank, R. C. and R. Abelson. 1975. Scripts, plans, and knowledge. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Artifcial Intelligence, 151–157. Los Altos: William Kaufmann.
Talmy, L. 1985. Force dynamics in language and thought. In Papers from Parasession on Causatives and Agentivity, ed. by W. Eilfort, P. Kroeber, and Peterson, K., 293–337. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.
Talmy, L. 1998. Fictive motion in language and "ception". In Language and Space, ed. by P. Bloom, M. Peterson, L. Nadel, and M. Garrett, 211–276. Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press.
Temmerman, R. 2000. Towards new ways of terminology description: The sociocognitive approach. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Temmerman, R. 2006. Sociocultural situatedness of terminology in the life sciences: the history of splicing. In Body, language and mind. Vol II. Interrelations between biology, linguistics and culture, ed. J. Zlatev, T. Ziemke, R. Frank, and R. Dirven, 327–362. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Wang, Y. 2005. The Event-Domain Cognitive Model. Modern Foreign Languages 28 (1): 17–26.
Wang, T. 2012. The cognitive analysis of chinese verb-copying construction by means of Event-Domain Multiple Inheritance Model. Foreign Language Research 3: 53–57.
