Re-evaluating the Use of Corpus-Based Instruction in a Language Teacher Education Context
Perspectives from the Users
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/slte.26146Keywords:
language teacher education, corpus integration, data-driven learning, replication studyAbstract
This paper presents a replication study of research published 16 years ago by one of the authors (Farr, 2008). At that time, research into the use of corpus-based approaches in teacher education was sparse. This has changed somewhat, but is still limited. Existing research shows that teachers identify a number of reservations to the integration of corpus-based approaches in their teaching, including time-related obstacles, and a lack of confidence, awareness and training (Boulton & Tyne, 2014). Clearly there are still challenges to be overcome and further insights to be gleaned from research into the integration of corpus linguistics into teacher education programmes. As with the original study, this paper reports the ways in which corpus approaches have been integrated into a 1-year MA in TESOL programme. It outlines findings from survey results, which explore the student teachers’ perspectives on their experiences of using corpora, both as a language awareness tool for professional development and research, and as a resource for materials development. Additionally, it discusses the potential issues foreseen by practitioners in relation to using such an approach in their careers. The investigation leads to the conclusion that there is generally a positive predisposition towards the use of corpora.
References
Abdel-Latif, M. (2020). Corpus literacy instruction in language teacher education: Investigating Arab EFL student teachers’ immediate beliefs and long-term practices. ReCALL, 33(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0958344020000129
Alsop, S., & Nesi, H. (2009). Issues in the development of the British academic written English (BAWE) corpus. Corpora, 4(1), 71–83.
Anthony, L. (2023). AntConc (Version 4) [Computer Software]. Waseda University. Retrieved January 10, 2024, from https://www.laurenceanthony.net/software
Baisa, V., & Suchomel, V. (2014). Sketch engine for English language learning. In A. Horák & P. Rychlý (Eds.), Proceedings of recent advances in Slavonic natural language processing (pp. 63–70). Lexical Computing Ltd.
Bennett, C., & Dhonnchadha, E. U. (2023). Becoming corpus literate: An in-service EFL teacher education framework for integrating corpora into EFL teaching. Applied Corpus Linguistics, 3(1), 100048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acorp.2023.100048
BNC Consortium (2007). The British national corpus, XML edition, 2007. Oxford Text Archive. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12024/2554
Boulton, A., & Cobb, T. (2017). Corpus use in language learning: A meta-analysis. Language Learning, 67(2), 348–393. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12224
Boulton, A., & Tyne, H. (2014). Corpus-based study of language and teacher education. In M. Bigelow & J. Ennser-Kananen (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of educational linguistics (pp. 301–312). Routledge.
Breyer, Y. (2009). Learning and teaching with corpora: Reflections by student teachers. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 22(2), 153–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220902778328
Çaliskan, G., & Kuru-Gönen, S. I. (2018). Training teachers on corpus-based language pedagogy: Perceptions on vocabulary instruction. Dil ve Dilbilimi Çalismalari Dergisi, 15(3), 1139–1154. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.631555
Callies, M. (2016). Towards corpus literacy in foreign language teacher education: Using corpora to examine the variability of reporting verbs in English. In R. Kreyer, S. Schaub, & A. Gulderning (Eds.), Angewandte Linguistik in Schule und Hochschule (pp. 391–415). Peter Lang.
Callies, M. (2019). Integrating corpus literacy into language teacher education. In S. Götz & J. Mukherjee (Eds.), Learner corpora and language teaching (pp. 245–263). John Benjamins.
Chen, M., & Flowerdew, J. (2018). A critical review of research and practice in data-driven learning (DDL) in the academic writing classroom. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 23(3), 335–369. https://doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.16130.che
Chen, M., Flowerdew, J., & Anthony, L. (2019). Introducing in-service English language teachers to data-driven learning for academic writing. System, 87, 102148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2019.102148
Coniam, D. (1997). A practical introduction to corpora in a teacher training language awareness programme. Language Awareness, 6(4), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658416.1997.9959929
Ebrahimi, A., & Faghih, E. (2016). Integrating corpus linguistics into online language teacher education programs. ReCALL, 29(1), 120–135. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0958344016000070
Farr, F. (2008). Evaluating the use of corpus-based instruction in a language teacher education context: Perspectives from the users. Language Awareness, 17(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.2167/la414.0
Farr, F. (2010). How can corpora be used in teacher education? In A. O’Keeffe & M. McCarthy (Eds.), Routledge handbook of corpus linguistics (pp. 620–632). Routledge.
Farr, F. (2022). How can corpora be used in teacher education? In A. O’Keeffe & M. J. McCarthy (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of corpus linguistics (2nd ed., pp. 456–468). Routledge.
Farr, F., & Karlsen, P. H. (2023). Corpus linguistics and data driven learning (DDL): Pedagogy, participants, perspectives. In E. Csomay & R. Jablonkai (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of corpora in English language teaching and learning (pp. 329–343). Routledge.
Farr, F., Murphy, B., & O’Keeffe, A. (2004). The Limerick corpus of Irish English: Design, description and application. Teanga, 21, 5–29.
Farr, F., & O’Keeffe, A. (2019). Using corpus approaches in English language teacher education. In S. Walsh & S. Mann (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of English language teacher education (pp. 268–282). Routledge.
Friginal, E. (2018). Corpus linguistics for English teachers: New tools, online resources, and classroom activities. Routledge.
Golu, F. (2021). Tech fatigue: A new pandemic. Studia Doctoralia, 12(2), 85–87. https://doi.org/10.47040/sdpsych.v12i2.129
Heather, J., & Helt, M. (2012). Evaluating corpus literacy training for pre-service language teachers: Six case studies. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 20(4), 415–440.
Hunston, S. (1995). Grammar in teacher education: The role of a corpus. Language Awareness, 4(1), 15–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658416.1995.9959864
Hüttner, J., Smit, U., & Mehlmauer-Larcher, B. (2009). ESP teacher education at the interface of theory and practice: Introducing a model of mediated corpus-based genre analysis. System, 37(1), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2008.06.003
Johns, T. (1991). Should you be persuaded – two samples of data-driven learning materials. English Language Research Journal, 4, 1–16.
Karlsen, P., & Monsen, M. (2020). Corpus literacy and applications in Norwegian upper secondary schools: Teacher and learner perspectives. Nordic Journal of English Studies, 19(1), 118–148. https://doi.org/10.35360/njes.500
Kilgarriff, A., Baisa, V., Bušta, J., Jakubícek, M., Kovár, V., Michelfeit, J., & Suchomel, V. (2014). The sketch engine: Ten years on. Lexicography, 1, 7–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40607-014-0009-9
Kohn, K., Hoffstaedter, P., & Widmann, J. (2009). BACKBONE – Pedagogic Corpora for Content & Language Integrated Learning. EuroCALL/Universidad Politecnica de Valencia.
Lenko-Szymanska, A. (2014). Is this enough? A qualitative evaluation of the effectiveness of a teacher-training course on the use of corpora in language education. ReCALL, 26(2), 260–278. https://doi.org/10.1017/s095834401400010x
Lenko-Szymanska, A. (2015). A teacher-training course on the use of corpora in language education: Perspectives of the students. In A. Turula & B. Mikolajewska (Eds.), Insights into technology-enhanced language pedagogy (pp. 129–144). Peter Lang.
Lenko-Szymanska, A. (2017). Training teachers in data driven learning: Tackling the challenge. Language Learning and Technology, 21(3), 217–241.
Lenko-Szymanska, A. (2022). Training teachers and learners to use corpora. In E. Csomay & R. Jablonkai (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of corpora in English language teaching and learning (pp. 509–524). Routledge.
Lin, M. H. (2019). Becoming a DDL teacher in English grammar classes: A pilot study. The Journal of Language Learning and Teaching, 9(1), 70–82.
MacWhinney, B. (2000). The CHILDES project: Tools for analyzing talk (3rd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Marsden, E., Morgan-Short, K., Thompson, S., & Abugaber, D. (2018). Replication in second language research: Narrative and systematic reviews and recommendations for the field. Language Learning, 68(2), 321–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12286
McCarthy, M. J. (2008). Accessing and interpreting corpus information in the teacher education context. Language Teaching, 41(4), 563–574. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0261444808005247
McManus, K. (2022). Are replication studies infrequent because of negative attitudes? Insights from a survey of attitudes and practices in second language research. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 44(5), 1410–1423. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263121000838
McManus, K. (2023). How and why to conduct a replication study. In A. Mackey & S. M. Gass (Eds.), Current approaches in second language acquisition research (pp. 334–351). Wiley.
Meunier, F. (2019). A case for constructive alignment in DDL: Rethinking outcomes, practices, and assessment in (data-driven) language learning. In P. Crosthwaite (Ed.), Data-driven learning for the next generation (pp. 13–30). Routledge.
Mishan, F., & Timmis, I. (2015). Materials development for TESOL. Edinburgh University Press.
Mukherjee, J. (2004). Bridging the gap between applied corpus linguistics and the reality of English language teaching in Germany. In U. Connor & T. A. Upton (Eds.), Language and computers, applied corpus linguistics: A multidimensional perspective (pp. 239–250). Rodopi.
Naismith, B. (2017). Integrating corpus tools on intensive CELTA courses. ELT Journal, 71(3), 273–283. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccw076
O’Keeffe, A., & Farr, F. (2003). Using language corpora in language teacher education: Pedagogic, linguistic and cultural insights. TESOL Quarterly, 37(3), 389–418. https://doi.org/10.2307/3588397
Omidian, T., Balance, O. J., & Siyanova-Chanturia, A. (2021). Replicating corpus-based research in English for academic purposes: Proposed replication of Cortes (2013) and Biber and Gray (2010). Language Teaching, 56(1), 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444821000367
Pérez-Paredes, P. (2019). A systematic review of the uses and spread of corpora and data-driven learning in CALL research during 2011–2015. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 35(1–2), 36–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1667832
Poole, R. (2018). A guide to using corpora for English language learners. Edinburgh University Press.
Poole, R. (2022). “Corpus can be tricky”: Revisiting teacher attitudes towards corpus-aided language learning and teaching. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 35(7), 1620–1641. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2020.1825095
Renouf, A. (1997). Teaching corpus linguistics to teachers of English. In A. Wichmann, S. Fligelstone, T. McEnery, & G. Knowles (Eds.), Teaching and language corpora (pp. 255–266). Longman.
Reppen, R., & Ide, N. (2004). The American national corpus. Journal of English Linguistics, 32, 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/0075424204264856
Scott, M. (2008). Wordsmith Tools 5. Oxford University Press.
Tschichold, C. (2023). Replication in CALL. ReCALL, 35(2), 139–142. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344023000083
Thompson, P., & Nesi, H. (2001). The British academic spoken English (BASE) corpus project. Language Teaching Research, 5(3), 263–264.
Xodabande, I., & Nazari, M. (2022). Impacts of a corpus linguistics course on in-service EFL teachers’ corpus literacy. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 23(1), 318–346.
Xu, J. (2023). A historical overview of using corpora in English language teaching. In R. R. Jablonkai & E. Csomay (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of corpora and English language teaching and learning (pp. 11–25). Routledge.
Zareva, A. (2017). Incorporating corpus literacy skills into TESOL teacher training. ELT Journal, 71(1), 69–79. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccw045