‘We try to have the best’
How nationality, race and gender structure artists’ circulations in the Paris jazz scene
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/jazz.v10i1-2.28344Keywords:
gender, international circulations, music scene, nationality, Paris, place, statisticsAbstract
This article examines how international circulations of jazz artists in the Parisian jazz scene are structured by hierarchies based on the artists’ nationalities, gender and ‘race’. To do so, the author first describes which artists are showcased in the capital’s clubs and festivals in terms of gender, nationality and country of residence. This shows that the well-known venues in Paris book (male) American rather than French or other artists, and that their added symbolic value is simultaneously economic. Finally, the article centres on how the artists are presented in two specific festivals, revealing that even though ‘otherness’ and value are constructed along racial and gendered divides, they are also informed by artists’ nationality. Indeed, the dominant position of the United States and the opposition between the Western world and the global South are strongly dramatized within jazz in France, which shows some proximity to the ‘world music’ scene.
References
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Brandellero, A. M. C., and Karin Pfeffer. 2011. “Multiple and Shifting Geographies of World Music Production: Geographies of World Music Production.” Area 43/4: 495–505.
Bull, M., ed. 2013. Sound Studies. New York: Routledge.
Buscatto, Marie. 2007. Femmes Du Jazz. Musicalités, Féminités, Marginalisations. Paris: CNRS Éditions.
———. 2008. “Tenter, rentrer, rester?: les trois défis des femmes instrumentistes de jazz.” Travail, genre et sociétés 19/1: 87–108.
Charle, C. 2008. Théâtres en capitales. Naissance de la société du spectacle à Paris, Berlin, Londres et Vienne. Paris : Albin Michel.
Cheyne, Andrew, and Amy Binder. 2010. “Cosmopolitan Preferences: The Constitutive Role of Place in American Elite Taste for Hip-Hop Music 1991–2005.” Poetics 38/3: 336–64.
Chong, Phillipa. 2011. “Reading Difference: How Race and Ethnicity Function as Tools for Critical Appraisal.” Poetics 39/1: 64–84.
Connell, John, and Chris Gibson. 2004. “World Music: Deterritorializing Place and Identity.” Progress in Human Geography 28/3: 342–61.
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Heilbron, Johan. 1999. “Towards a Sociology of Translation: Book Translations as a Cultural World-System.” European Journal of Social Theory 2/4: 429–44.
Huggan, G. 2001. The Postcolonial Exotic. Marketing the Margins. New York: Routledge.
Jung, Sun, and Dooboo Shim. 2014. “Social Distribution: K-Pop Fan Practices in Indonesia and the ‘Gangnam Style’ Phenomenon.” International Journal of Cultural Studies 17/5: 485–501.
Lizé, Wenceslas. 2010. “Le Goût Jazzistique En Son Champ.” Actes de La Recherche En Sciences Sociales 181-182/1: 60–87.
McKay, G. 2005. Circular Breathing: The Cultural Politics of Jazz in Britain. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Meuleman, Roza, and Marcel Lubbers. 2014. “The Social Distinction in Having Domestic versus Foreign Favorite Music Artists.” Poetics 45 (August): 55–71.
Murray, Forman. 2000. “‘Represent’: Race, Space and Place in Rap Music.” Popular Music 19/1: 65–90.
Negus, Keith. 2002. “The Work of Cultural Intermediaries and the Enduring Distance between Production and Consumption.” Cultural Studies 16: 501-515.
Parsonage, C. 2005. The Evolution of Jazz in Britain, 1880-1935. Aldershot: Ashgate
Peretti, B. 1992. The Creation of Jazz: Music, Race and Culture in Urban America. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois Press.
Quemin, A. 2013. Les stars de l'art contemporain. Notoriété et consécration artistiques dans les arts visuels. Paris: CNRS Éditions.
Ravet H. 2011. Musiciennes. Paris: Editions Autrement.
Roueff, Olivier. 2010. “La Montée Des Intermédiaires: Domestication Du Goût et Formation Du Champ Du Jazz En France, 1941-1960.” Actes de La Recherche En Sciences Sociales 181-182/1: 34–59.
———. 2013. Jazz, Les Échelles Du Plaisir. Intermédiaires et Culture Lettrée En France Au Vingtième Siècle. Paris: La Dispute.
Rusch, Loes. 2015. “Frontierism, intellectual listeners and the new European wave: On the reception of Dutch jazz in DownBeat, 1960–1980.” Jazz Research Journal 9/1: 62-81.
Rustin, Nicole, and Sherrie Tucker, eds. 2008. Big Ears: Listening for Gender in Jazz Studies. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Sapiro, G., ed. 2008. Translatio. Le Marché de la traduction en France à l’heure de la mondialisation. Paris: CNRS Editions.
———. 2010. “Globalization and Cultural Diversity in the Book Market: The Case of Literary Translations in the US and in France.” Poetics 38/4: 419–39.
Sassen, S. 1996. Losing control? Sovereignty in An Age of Globalization. New York: Columbia University Press.
Scott, D. B. 2008. Sounds of the Metropolis. The 19th-Century Popular Music Revolution in London, New York, Paris, and Vienna. New York: Oxford University Press.
Stokes, Martin. 2007. “On Musical Cosmopolitanism.” The Macalester International Roundtable. http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/intlrdtable/3/.
Suzuki, Yoko. 2013. “Two Strikes and the Double Negative: The Intersections of Gender and Race in the Cases of Female Jazz Saxophonists.” Black Music Research Journal 33/2: 207–26.
Taylor Atkins, E., ed. 2003. Jazz planet. Jackson: Mississippi University Press.
Tissot, Sylvie. 2005. “Les sociologues et la banlieue : construction savante du problème des ‘quartiers sensibles.’” Genèses 60/3: 57-75.
Tomlinson, J. 1991. Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Introduction. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Tournès, L. 1999. New Orleans sur Seine (histoire du jazz en France), Paris: Fayard.
———. 2001. “La réinterprétation du jazz : un phénomène de contre-américanisation dans la France d'après-guerre (1945-1960).” Revue française d’études américaines: 72-83.
Tucker, Sherrie. 1998. “Nobody’s Sweethearts: Gender, Race, Jazz, and the Darlings of Rhythm.” American Music 16/3: 255–88.
Van Klyton, Aaron C. 2015. “ Space and Place in World Music Production.” City, Culture and Society: 1-8.
Weber, W. 2004. Music and the Middle Class. The Social Structure of Concert Life in London, Paris and Vienna, 1830-48. Burlington: Ashgate.
Whiteley, S. ed. 1997. Sexing the Groove: Popular Music and Gender. London: Routledge.
Whyton, T. 2012. “Strength in Numbers.” Research Report. European Jazz Network. http://www.europejazz.net/Documents/Research/EJN_Report_WebRes_Final.pdf.
Wimmer, Andreas, and Glick Schiller, Nina. 2003. “Methodological nationalism, the social sciences and the study of migration: an essay in historical epistemology”, International Migration Review 37/3: 576–610.
Appadurai, A. 1996. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
Bares, William K. 2012. “Way out East: cowboys and pioneer women on Berlin’s jazz frontier.” Jazz Research Journal 6/2: 170–200.
Bauman, Z. 1998. Globalization: The Human Consequences. New York: Columbia University Press.
Becker, H. S. 1982. Art Worlds. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Bennett A. and Richard A. Peterson, eds. 2004. Music scenes: local, translocal and virtual. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press.
Bhambra, Gurminder K. 2011. “Historical Sociology, Modernity, and Postcolonial Critique.” The American Historical Review 116/3: 653–62.
Bödeker, H. E., Patrice Veit and Michael Werner, eds. 2008. Espaces et lieux de concert en Europe 1700-1920. Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag.
Bohlman, P. V. and Ronald Radano 2000. ‘Introduction: Music and Race, Their Past, Their Presence.’ In Music and The Racial Imagination, 1-53. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Born, G. and David Hesmondhalgh, eds. 2000. Western Music and its Others. Difference, Representation, and Appropriation in Music. Berkeley: California University Press.
Bourdieu, P. 1996. The Rules of Art: Genesis and Structure of the Literary Field. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Brandellero, A. M. C., and Karin Pfeffer. 2011. “Multiple and Shifting Geographies of World Music Production: Geographies of World Music Production.” Area 43/4: 495–505.
Bull, M., ed. 2013. Sound Studies. New York: Routledge.
Buscatto, Marie. 2007. Femmes Du Jazz. Musicalités, Féminités, Marginalisations. Paris: CNRS Éditions.
———. 2008. “Tenter, rentrer, rester?: les trois défis des femmes instrumentistes de jazz.” Travail, genre et sociétés 19/1: 87–108.
Charle, C. 2008. Théâtres en capitales. Naissance de la société du spectacle à Paris, Berlin, Londres et Vienne. Paris : Albin Michel.
Cheyne, Andrew, and Amy Binder. 2010. “Cosmopolitan Preferences: The Constitutive Role of Place in American Elite Taste for Hip-Hop Music 1991–2005.” Poetics 38/3: 336–64.
Chong, Phillipa. 2011. “Reading Difference: How Race and Ethnicity Function as Tools for Critical Appraisal.” Poetics 39/1: 64–84.
Connell, John, and Chris Gibson. 2004. “World Music: Deterritorializing Place and Identity.” Progress in Human Geography 28/3: 342–61.
Coulangeon, Philippe. 1999. Les Musiciens de Jazz En France À L’heure de La Réhabilitation Culturelle. Sociologie Des Carrières et Du Travail Musical. Paris: L’Harmattan.
Crane, Diana, 2002. ‘Culture and globalization: theoretical models and emerging trends.’ In: Global Culture: Media, Arts, Policy, and Globalization, eds Diana Crane, Nobuko Kawashima, Kenichi Kawasaki: 1-28. New York: Routledge.
Dorin, Stéphane. 2012. “Jazz and Race in Colonial India: The Role of Anglo-Indian Musicians in the Diffusion of Jazz in Calcutta.” Jazz Research Journal 4/2.
Dorlin, E. 2006. La Matrice de la race. Généalogie sexuelle et coloniale de la nation française. Paris: La Découverte.
Fassin, D. and Éric Fassin, eds. 2006. De la question sociale à la question raciale : représenter la société française. Paris: La Découverte.
Fordant, Clarisse. 2014. ‘Une controverse française sur les statistiques ethno-raciales’. In Controverses. Accords et désaccords en sciences humaines et sociales, ed. Yves Gingras: 211-43. Paris: CNRS Éditions.
Gallan, Ben. 2012. “Gatekeeping Night Spaces: the role of booking agents in creating ‘local’ live music venues and scenes.” Australian Geographer, 43/1: 35-50.
Gilroy, Paul. 1995. The Black Atlantic. Modernity and Double-Consciousness. Harvard University Press.
Grazian, D. 2003. Blue Chicago. The Search for Authenticity in Urban Blues Clubs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Guillard, Séverin. 2012. “ 'Représenter Sa Ville': L’ancrage Des Identités Urbaines Dans Le Rap Des Twin Cities.” Cybergeo: European Journal of Geography. http://cybergeo.revues.org/25357.
Hammou, K. 2012. Une histoire du rap en France. Paris: La Découverte.
Heilbron, Johan. 1999. “Towards a Sociology of Translation: Book Translations as a Cultural World-System.” European Journal of Social Theory 2/4: 429–44.
Huggan, G. 2001. The Postcolonial Exotic. Marketing the Margins. New York: Routledge.
Jung, Sun, and Dooboo Shim. 2014. “Social Distribution: K-Pop Fan Practices in Indonesia and the ‘Gangnam Style’ Phenomenon.” International Journal of Cultural Studies 17/5: 485–501.
Lizé, Wenceslas. 2010. “Le Goût Jazzistique En Son Champ.” Actes de La Recherche En Sciences Sociales 181-182/1: 60–87.
McKay, G. 2005. Circular Breathing: The Cultural Politics of Jazz in Britain. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Meuleman, Roza, and Marcel Lubbers. 2014. “The Social Distinction in Having Domestic versus Foreign Favorite Music Artists.” Poetics 45 (August): 55–71.
Murray, Forman. 2000. “‘Represent’: Race, Space and Place in Rap Music.” Popular Music 19/1: 65–90.
Negus, Keith. 2002. “The Work of Cultural Intermediaries and the Enduring Distance between Production and Consumption.” Cultural Studies 16: 501-515.
Parsonage, C. 2005. The Evolution of Jazz in Britain, 1880-1935. Aldershot: Ashgate
Peretti, B. 1992. The Creation of Jazz: Music, Race and Culture in Urban America. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois Press.
Quemin, A. 2013. Les stars de l'art contemporain. Notoriété et consécration artistiques dans les arts visuels. Paris: CNRS Éditions.
Ravet H. 2011. Musiciennes. Paris: Editions Autrement.
Roueff, Olivier. 2010. “La Montée Des Intermédiaires: Domestication Du Goût et Formation Du Champ Du Jazz En France, 1941-1960.” Actes de La Recherche En Sciences Sociales 181-182/1: 34–59.
———. 2013. Jazz, Les Échelles Du Plaisir. Intermédiaires et Culture Lettrée En France Au Vingtième Siècle. Paris: La Dispute.
Rusch, Loes. 2015. “Frontierism, intellectual listeners and the new European wave: On the reception of Dutch jazz in DownBeat, 1960–1980.” Jazz Research Journal 9/1: 62-81.
Rustin, Nicole, and Sherrie Tucker, eds. 2008. Big Ears: Listening for Gender in Jazz Studies. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Sapiro, G., ed. 2008. Translatio. Le Marché de la traduction en France à l’heure de la mondialisation. Paris: CNRS Editions.
———. 2010. “Globalization and Cultural Diversity in the Book Market: The Case of Literary Translations in the US and in France.” Poetics 38/4: 419–39.
Sassen, S. 1996. Losing control? Sovereignty in An Age of Globalization. New York: Columbia University Press.
Scott, D. B. 2008. Sounds of the Metropolis. The 19th-Century Popular Music Revolution in London, New York, Paris, and Vienna. New York: Oxford University Press.
Stokes, Martin. 2007. “On Musical Cosmopolitanism.” The Macalester International Roundtable. http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/intlrdtable/3/.
Suzuki, Yoko. 2013. “Two Strikes and the Double Negative: The Intersections of Gender and Race in the Cases of Female Jazz Saxophonists.” Black Music Research Journal 33/2: 207–26.
Taylor Atkins, E., ed. 2003. Jazz planet. Jackson: Mississippi University Press.
Tissot, Sylvie. 2005. “Les sociologues et la banlieue : construction savante du problème des ‘quartiers sensibles.’” Genèses 60/3: 57-75.
Tomlinson, J. 1991. Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Introduction. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Tournès, L. 1999. New Orleans sur Seine (histoire du jazz en France), Paris: Fayard.
———. 2001. “La réinterprétation du jazz : un phénomène de contre-américanisation dans la France d'après-guerre (1945-1960).” Revue française d’études américaines: 72-83.
Tucker, Sherrie. 1998. “Nobody’s Sweethearts: Gender, Race, Jazz, and the Darlings of Rhythm.” American Music 16/3: 255–88.
Van Klyton, Aaron C. 2015. “ Space and Place in World Music Production.” City, Culture and Society: 1-8.
Weber, W. 2004. Music and the Middle Class. The Social Structure of Concert Life in London, Paris and Vienna, 1830-48. Burlington: Ashgate.
Whiteley, S. ed. 1997. Sexing the Groove: Popular Music and Gender. London: Routledge.
Whyton, T. 2012. “Strength in Numbers.” Research Report. European Jazz Network. http://www.europejazz.net/Documents/Research/EJN_Report_WebRes_Final.pdf.
Wimmer, Andreas, and Glick Schiller, Nina. 2003. “Methodological nationalism, the social sciences and the study of migration: an essay in historical epistemology”, International Migration Review 37/3: 576–610.
Published
2016-07-25
How to Cite
Picaud, M. (2016). ‘We try to have the best’: How nationality, race and gender structure artists’ circulations in the Paris jazz scene. Jazz Research Journal, 10(1-2), 126–152. https://doi.org/10.1558/jazz.v10i1-2.28344
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