The Influence of Qur'anic Teaching on Famous Muslim Philosophers
Keywords:
Localization, Islamic philosophy, hikmah, Qur’anic Verses, Muslim philosophersAbstract
The Holy Qur’an is the most important factor shaping the development of the Islamic culture and civilization. It can be claimed that all attempts in the field of Islamic thought have been shaped on the basis of the Qur’anic literature, jurisprudence, ilm al-usul, theology, philosophy and gnosis. For instance philosophy, which found its way into the Muslim world from Greece, developed under the influence of Qur’anic teachings by Islamic philosophers and formed a new Islamic identity. Muslim philosophers adapted ideas and
philosophical doctrines from the teachings of the Qur’an. They also used the Qur’anic verses in order to conceptualize and make new theories. They used the logic of the Qur’an for presenting philosophical arguments based on the analyses of this work. Among the Islamic philosophers, the contributions of Kindi, Suhrawardi, Avicenna, and Mulla Sadra were most significant.
References
Avicenna. 1387. al-Isharat wal-tanbihat. Qom: Bustan Kitab.
———. 1379. Taliqat. Qom: Markaz-e Intesharat Daftar-e Tablighat-e Islami.
———. 1360. Danishnameh Alâee, edited by Ahmad Khurasani. Tehran: Farabi.
———. 1388. Majmuah rasail. Teharan: Ayat-e Ishq.
Berenjkar, Reza. 1374. “The Concept of Hikmah in the Qur’an.” Quarterly Sahifah Mubin 1(3): 42–53.
Farabi, Abu Nasr. 1995a A.H. ârâe ahl al-madinah al-fâzdeleh wa mozâddâtihâ, edited by Ali Bu Malham. Beirut: Dar o Maktab al-Hilal.
———. 1995b. Kitab tahsil al-saadah, edited by Ali Bu Malham. Beirut: Dar o Maktab al-Hilal.
———. 2001. Kitab al-jam bayn ray al- hakimayn, edited by Ali Bu Malham. Beirut: Dar o Maktab al-Hilal.
———. 2000. Kitab al-siyasah al- madaniyyah, edited by Ali Bu Malham. Beirut: Dar o Maktab al-Hilal.
Fakhri, Majid. 1372. Sayr-e falsafah dar jihan-e Islam, edited by Nasrullah Pour Jawadi. Tehran: Markaz Nashr Daneshgahi.
Ibrahimi Dinani, Ghulamhosein. 1376. Shua andisheh dar falsafeh Suhrawardi. Tehran: Hikmat.
Kindi, Abu Ishaq. 1360. Nameh Kindi be al-Mutasam billah dar falsafah awla, translated by Ahmad Aram, Tehran: Surush.
———. 1369 A.H. Rasail al-Kindi al-falsafiah, edited by Mohammad Abd al-Hadi Abu raidah, Dar al-Fikr al- Arabi.
Nasr, Seyed Hossein, and Leaman, Oliver. 1383. History of Islamic Philosophy. Tehran: Hikmat.
———. 1382. “Qur’an and Hadith as th/e Source of Islamic Philosophy.” Translated by Abbas Ghanizadeh. Quarterly Mishkat (80): 68–82.
———. 1382. Three Muslim Sages. Transldted by Ahmad Aram. Tehran: Cultural and Scientific Publication Co.
Nebyan, Parvin. 1391. “New Approach to Ijtihadi method of understanding and Interpreting the Qur’an.” Quarterly of fadak sabzwaran 3(11): 185–212.
Norbakhsh, Sima. 1383. Noor dar hikmat-e suhrawardi. Introduction by Gholamreza Ebrahimi Dinani and Hosien Ziai. Shahid Saeed Muhibbi.
Pour Jawadi, Nasrlollah. 1380. Ishraq wa irfan. Tehran: Nashr-e Daneshgahi.
Saeedi, Hassan. 1383. “Mutahhari’s View of the Relation between Islamic Philosophy and the Qur’an and Tradition.” Quarterly Aineh Marifat 3: 51–62.
Sharif, M.M. 1372. History of Philosophy in Islam. Tehran: Markaz-e Nashr Daneshgahi.
Shahrzuri, Shamsuddin Muhammad. 1372. Sharh hikmat al-ishraq, edited by Hossien Ziai. Tehran: Institute of Cultural Research.
Shirazi, Sadr Al-Din. 1378. al-Hikmat al-mutaâliyah fi al-asfar. al-arba’ h al-aqliyyah. Qom: Mustafawi.
———. 1386. al-Hikmat al-mutaâliyah fi al-asfar. al-arba’ h al-aqliyyah. Vol. 1, edited by Hassan Zadeh Amuli. Institute of al-Taba wal Nashr. Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
———. 1386. Mafatih al-ghayb. Bonyad Islami.
———. 1387. Mabda wa maad, edited by Jalal al-Din Ashtiyani. Qom: Bostan Kitab.
Suhrawardi, Shihab al-Din Yahya. 1397 A.H. Sih resaleh az Shaikh Ishraq, edited by Najafquli Habibi. Tehran: Institute of Philosophy in Iran.
———. 1348. Majmuah athar-e Farsi Shaykh Ishraq. Tehran: Institute of Philosophy in Iran.
———. 1396 A.H. Majmuah musannifat-e Shaykh Ishraq. Vol. 1, edited by Henry Corban. Tehran: Institute of Philosophy in Iran.
———. 1396 A.H. Majmuah musannifat-e Shaykh Ishraq. Vols. 2–3, edited by Henry Corban, Tehran: Institute of Philosophy in Iran.
