Sakta Tantric Traditions of Kerala in the Process of Change
Some Notes on Raudra-Mahartha Sampradaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/rosa.19322Keywords:
Kerala, Tantra, Mahārtha, Krama, Śakta, goddessAbstract
In this paper I shall propose some hypotheses that have emerged from my fieldwork on the so-called sakta Tantra of Kerala (also known locally as Raudra or Mahartha). This Hindu tantric tradition weds ritualistic practices of Kashmirian Saivism (Krama-Trika) with the folk beliefs of Kerala. It could be said that the sakta (sakteyam in Malayalam) Brahmins of Malabar are representatives of the Mahartha Tantra of Kerala. I intend to shed some light on the sakta tradition and compare the data from my fieldwork with the scriptural tradition. Therefore, I would like to present here some of my observations from reading the ritual texts of the sakta Tantric Brahmins. Their ritualistic handbook (preserved in the form of a palm-leaf manuscript) forms a detailed ritual manual composed in a mixture of Sanskrit and Malayalam. Interestingly, the ritual directions are given sometimes in Sanskrit and other times in Malayalam, but most often in a combination of both languages. Being primarily goddess-oriented, the text teaches the reader methods of self empowerment and reaching the enlightened non-dual state through realizing the potencies of Kali. This paper introduces the structure of the ritual handbook and concerns the ritual peculiarities of the modern Tantric practitioners in Kerala.
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