If That Which Thou Seekest Thou Findest Not Within Thee, Thou Wilt Never Find It On The Internet
How Practitioner Contemporary Pagans and Ritual Magicians Access and Use Information
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/pome.22512Keywords:
Information behavior, information habits, information seeking, information access, information use, serendipitous discovery, inner knowledge, inner knowing, Pagan studies, Paganism, magick, occult, Western esotericismAbstract
This paper is an examination of the information behaviors and habits of practising Pagans and ritual magicians. Aspects of information behavior relevant to contemporary Paganism are discussed, before features of Paganism that may affect information needs and use are presented. An online questionnaire covering the six areas of information needs, access, retrieval, quality, use and literacy was administered with 142 respondents, and five of those were subsequently interviewed at length, before the results were analyzed using an interpretivist methodology, with reference to existing information behavior models deemed relevant. The results present the beginning stages of a model of Pagan and Occult information behavior, showing seven sliding scales concerning issues practicing Pagans and ritual magicians face when engaging with information, on which each individual may have very different positions.
References
Atkinson, R. J. C., “Stonehenge There before Druids—And No Human Sacrifices,.” The Guardian, 14 December 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/dec/14/stonehenge-there-before-druids-archaeology-1959.
Case, Donald. Looking for Information: A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs, and Behavior. Bingley: Emerald, 2016.
Cowan, Douglas. Cyberhenge. London: Routledge, 2005.
Cresswell, John W. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 5th ed. London: Sage, 2018.
Crowley, Vivianne. Wicca: The Old Religion in the New Age. Wellingborough: Aquarian, 1989.
Dawson, Lorne, and Douglas Cowan. Religion Online: Finding Faith on the Internet. London: Routledge, 2004.
Erdelez, S.“Information Encountering: A Conceptual Framework for Accidental Information Discovery in Information Seeking in Context.” In Information Seeking in Context. Proceedings of an International Conference on Research in Information Needs, Seeking, and Use in Different Contexts, Tampere, Finland, 1996, edited by Pertti Vakkari and Reijo Savolainen, 412-21. London: Taylor Graham 1997.
Farrar, Janet, and Stewart Farrar. The Witches’ Bible. London: Robert Hale, 1981.
Ford, Nigel. Introduction to Information Behaviour. London: Facet, 2015.
Frost, Guy. “New Age Movements, Occultism, and Spiritualism Research Library: The Making of a Pagan Archive,” The Pomegranate: The International Journal of Pagan Studies 19, no. 2 (2017): 251–64. https://doi.org/10.1558/pome.34051.
Gardner, Gerald. The Meaning of Witchcraft. Boston: Weiser/Red Wheel, 2004 [1959].
Harvey, Graham, and Charlotte Hardman, eds. Pagan Pathways: A Complete Guide to the Ancient Earth Traditions. London: Thorssons, 2001 (Originally published as Paganism Today, 1996.)
Hope, Tom, and Ieuan Jones, “Locating Contemporary British Paganism as Late Modern Culture.” Journal of Contemporary Religion 21, no. 3 (2006): 341–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537900600926097.
Hutton, Ronald. “Modern Pagan Festivals: A Study in the Nature of Tradition.” Folklore 119, no. 3 (2008): 251–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/00155870802352178.
Hutton, Ronald. The Triumph of the Moon. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207443.001.0001.
Johnson, J. David, William Donohue, Charles Atkin, Sally Johnson.“A Comprehensive Model of Information Seeking.” Science Communication 16, no. 3 (1995): 274–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547095016003003.
Kulthau, C. C. “Inside The Search Process: Information Seeking from the User’s Perspective,” Journal of the American Society for Information Science 42, no. 5 (1991): 381–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(199106)42:5<361::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-#.J
Luhrman, Tanya. “Touching the Divine: Recent Research on Neo-Paganism and Neo-Shamanism.” Reviews in Anthropology 41, no. 2 (2012): 136–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/00938157.2012.680425.
Morris, Steve. “Concerns Mount over Plans for Two-Mile Road Tunnel past Stonehenge.” The Guardian. 2April 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/apr/02/concerns-grow-as-plans-for-a303-road-tunnel-past-stonehenge-enters-new-phase.
Nicholas, David. Assessing Information Needs in the Age of the Digital Consumer London: Routledge, 2009. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203855799.
Reese, Gwendolyn. “The Quandary of Contemporary Pagan Archives.” The Pomegranate: The International Journal of Pagan Studies 9, no. 2 (2007): 109–20. https://doi.org.10.1558/pome.v9i2.109.
Restall Orr, Emma. Living With Honour: A Pagan Ethics. Winchester: O Books, 2007.
Savolainen, Reijo. “Everyday Life Information Seeking: Approaching Information Seeking in the Context of ‘Way of Life.’” Library and Information Science Research 17, no. 3 (1995): 259–94. https://doi.org/10.1081/E-ELIS3-120043920.
Starhawk, The Spiral Dance: A Rebirth of the Ancient Religion. 2nd ed. New York: HarperOne, 1989 [1979].
Williamson, Kirsty. “Discovered by Chance: The Role of Incidental Information Acquisition in an Ecological Model of Information Use.” Library and Information Science Research 20, no. 1 (1998): 23–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0740-8188(98)90004-4.
Wilson, Tom D. “Information Behaviour: An Interdisciplinary Perspective.” Information Processing and Management 33, no. 4 (1997), 551–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4573(97)00028-9.
York, Michael. Pagan Theology: Paganism as a World Religion. Albany: New York University Press, 2003.