The Ritual Animal
A Response to Reviews
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/jcsr.23748Keywords:
Evolution, cognition and history, group identity, Prehistoric archaeology, ritual, modes of religiosityAbstract
This is a response to six reviews of The Ritual Animal (Whitehouse, 2021). The reviews covered a wide range of topics, from evolutionary theory (e.g., Bryson; Shilton and Jablonka), to group psychology (e.g., Putra) and development (e.g., Umbres), and the evidence from archaeology and deep history on the role of ritual in the evolution of socio-political complexity (e.g., Watkins). Some of the reviewers spanned all these topics in various ways (e.g., Sterelny). I am grateful for the high quality of engagement and the many generous remarks. Although I also disagree with some of the arguments advanced in the reviews, I argue that they have collectively opened up a variety of important questions worthy of further research.
References
Atkinson, Q., & Whitehouse, H. (2011). The cultural morphospace of ritual form: Examining modes of religiosity cross-culturally. Evolution and Human Behaviour, 32(1), 50–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2010.09.002
Buhrmester, M. D., Burnham, D., Johnson, D., Curry, O. S., Macdonald, D., & Whitehouse, H. (2018). How moments become movements: Shared outrage, group cohesion, and the lion that went viral. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2018.00054
Buhrmester, M. D., Reich, S., & Whitehouse, H. (under review). Identity fusion and going straight: How disclosure of life-changing experiences can impact positive reintegration outcomes.
Buhrmester, M. D., Zeitlyn, D., & Whitehouse, H. (2020). Ritual, fusion, and conflict: The roots of agro-pastoral violence in rural Cameroon. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 25(1), 298–311. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1368430220959705
Ebner, J., Kavanagh, C. M., & Whitehouse, H. (2022). Is there a language of terrorists? A comparative manifesto analysis. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2022.2109244
Gantley, M., Whitehouse, H., & Bogaard, A. (2018). Material Correlates Analysis (MCA): An innovative way of examining questions in archaeology using ethnographic data. Advances in Archaeological Practice, 6(4), 328–341. https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2018.9
Hart, C., & Pilling, H. (1960). The Tiwi of north Australia. New York: Holt Rinehart Winston.
Jagiello, R., Heyes, C., & Whitehouse, H. (2022). Tradition and invention: The dual stance theory of cultural evolution. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. Online ahead of print. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X22000383
Jong, J., Whitehouse, H., Kavanaugh, C. M., & Lane, J. (2015). Shared negative experiences lead to identity fusion via personal reflection. PLoS ONE, 10(12): e0145611. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145611
Mcquinn, B. (2015). History’s warriors: The emergence of revolutionary brigades in Misrata. In P. Cole, & B. McQuinn (Eds.). The Libyan revolution and its aftermath (pp. 229–256). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mithen, S. (2004). From Ohalo to Çatalhöyük: The development of religiosity during the early prehistory of Western Asia, 20,000–7000 BCE. In H. Whitehouse & L. H. Martin (Eds.). Theorizing religions past: Historical and archaeological perspectives (pp. 17–43). Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
Muzzulini, B., van Mulukom, V., Kapitány, R. & Whitehouse, H. (2021). Shared flashbulb memories lead to identity fusion: Recalling the defeat in the Brexit referendum produces strong psychological bonds among remain supporters. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0101873
Tavory, I., Ginsberg, S., & Jablonka, E. (2014). The reproduction of the social: A developmental system approach. In L. Caporael, J. Griesemer, & W. Wimsatt (Eds.). Developing scaffolds in evolution, culture and cognition (pp. 317–324). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Tuzin, D. (1987). Guardians of the flutes: Idioms of masculinity. New York: Columbia University Press.
Whitehouse, H. (1995). Inside the cult: Religious innovation and transmission in Papua New Guinea. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
———. (2000). Arguments and icons: Divergent modes of religiosity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
———. (2004). Modes of religiosity: A cognitive theory of religious transmission. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
———. (2018). Dying for the group: Towards a general theory of extreme self-sacrifice. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 41(e192), 1–62. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X18000249
———. (2021). The ritual animal: Imitation and cohesion in the evolution of social complexity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Whitehouse, H., & Hodder, I. (2010). Modes of religiosity at Çatalhöyük. In I. Hodder (Ed.). Religion in the emergence of civilization: Çatalhöyük as a case study (pp. 122–145). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Whitehouse, H., Jong, J., Buhrmester, M. D., Gómez, A., Bastian, B., Kavanagh, C. M., Newson, M., Matthews, M., Lanman, J. A., McKay, R., & Gavrilets, S. (2017). The evolution of extreme cooperation via intense shared experiences. Scientific Reports, 7(44292). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44292
Whitehouse, H., Mazzucato, C., Hodder, I., & Atkinson, Q. D. (2014). Modes of religiosity and the evolution of social complexity at Çatalhöyük. In I. Hodder (Ed.). Vital matters: Religion in the organization and transformation of a Neolithic society (pp. 134–156). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Whitehouse, H., McQuinn, B., Buhrmester, M. D., & Swann, W. B. (2014). Brothers in Arms: Libyan revolutionaries bond like family. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(50), 17783–17785. www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1416284111
Published
Issue
Section
License
Equinox Publishing Ltd.