Turner’s Definition and Explanation of Religion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/jcsr.35725Keywords:
teleology, functionalism, evolution, religionAbstract
Turner’s Definition and Explanation of Religion
References
Asad, T. 1993. Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Atran, Scott. 2002. In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion. Oxford: Oxford University.
Bacon, Francis. 1960 [1620]. The New Organon and Related Writings. New York: Prentice Hall.
Bloch, M. 2008. “Why Religion Is Nothing Special but Is Central.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 363: 2055–2062. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0007
Bulbulia, J., R. Sosis, C. Genet, R. Genet, E. Harris and K. Wyman, eds. 2008. The Evolution of Religion: Studies, Theories, and Critiques. Santa Margarita, CA: Collins Foundation Press.
Burkert, Walter. 1996. Creation of the Sacred: Tracks of Biology in Early Religions. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Crick, Francis. 1990. What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery. New York: Basic Books.
Darwin, Charles. 1871. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: Murray.
Douglas, Mary and Edmund Perry. 1985. “Anthropology and Comparative Religion.” Theology Today 41(4): 410–427. https://doi.org/10.1177/004057368504100406
Fitzgerald, Timothy. 1997. “A Critique of ‘Religion’ as a Cross-Cultural Category.” Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 9: 91–110. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006897X00070
Guthrie, Stewart. 1996. “The Sacred: A Skeptical View.” In The Sacred and Its Scholars, edited by Thomas Idinopulos and Edward Yonan, 124–138. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
———. 2002. “Animal Animism.” In Current Approaches in the Cognitive Science of Religion, edited by I. Pyysiäinen and V. Anttonen, 38–67. London: Continuum.
Hallowell, Irving. 1960. “Ojibwa Ontology, Behavior, and World View.” In Culture in History: Essays in Honor of Paul Radin, edited by S. Diamond, 19–52. New York: Columbia University Press
Harrod, James B. 2011. “A Trans-Species Definition of Religion.” Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture 5(3): 327–353. https://doi.org/10.1558/jsrnc.v5i3.327
———. 2014. “The Case for Chimpanzee Religion.” Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture 8: 8–45. https://doi.org/10.1558/jsrnc.v8i1.8
Horton, Robin. 1967. “African Traditional Thought and Western Science: Part 1.” Africa: Journal of the International African Institute 37: 50–71. https://doi.org/10.2307/1157195
———. 1993. Patterns of Thought in Africa and the West: Essays on Magic, Religion and Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139166232
Hume, David. 1947. Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, 2nd ed, edited by N. Kemp Smith. New York: Library of Liberal Arts.
Jolly, A. 1996. “Primate Communication, Lies, and Ideas.” In Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution, edited by A. Lock and C. R. Peters, 167–177. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kelemen, D. 1999. “Beliefs about Purpose: On the Origins of Teleological Thought.” In The Descent of Mind: Psychological Perspectives on Hominid Evolution, edited by M. C. Corballis and S. E. G. Lea, 278–294. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
———. 2004. “Are Children ‘Intuitive Theists’?” Psychological Science 15: 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00672.x
Kelemen, D., J. Rottman and R. Seston. 2013. “Professional Physical Scientists Display Tenacious Teleological Tendencies: Purpose-Based Reasoning as a Cognitive Default.” Journal of Experimental Psychology, General 142: 1074–1083. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030399
Klass, M. 1995. Ordered Universes: Approaches to the Anthropology of Religion. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Lienhardt, G. 1961. Divinity and Experience: The Religion of the Dinka. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Luckmann, T. 1976. “Comment on: Malinowski’s Magic: The Riddle of the Empty Cell, by Karl E. Rosengren.” Current Anthropology 17: 678–679.
Malinowski, B. 1948. Magic, Science and Religion, and Other Essays. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
Martin, Luther H. 2008. “Can Religion Really Evolve? (And What Is It, Anyway?).” In The Evolution of Religion: Studies, Theories, and Critiques, 2008, edited by J. Bulbulia, R. Sosis, C. Genet, R. Genet, E. Harris and K. Wyman, 349–356. Santa Margarita, CA: Collins Foundation Press.
McCutcheon, R. 1997. Manufacturing Religion: The Discourse on Sui Generis Religion and the Politics of Nostalgia. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nongbri, Brent. 2013. Before Religion: A History of a Modern Concept. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300154160.001.0001
Norenzayan, Ara. 2013. Big Gods: How Religion Transformed Cooperation and Conflict. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Saler, B. 1977. “Supernatural as a Western Category.” Ethos 5: 31–52. https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.1977.5.1.02a00040
———. 1993. Conceptualizing Religion: Immanent Anthropologists, Transcendent Natives, and Unbounded Categories. Leiden: Brill.
———. 2009. “Anthropomorphism and Animism: On Stewart E. Guthrie, Faces in the Clouds, 1993.” In Contemporary Theories of Religion: A Critical Companion, edited by M. Stausberg, 39–52. Oxon: Routledge.
———. n.d. “Observations on the Construction of the Supernatural in Euro-American Cultures.” Unpublished manuscript.
Smith, J. Z. 1982. Imagining Religion: From Babylon to Jonestown. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
———. 1993. Map Is Not Territory: Studies in the History of Religions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Spinoza, Benedict de. 1951 [1670]. A Theologico-Political Treatise. Edited by R.H.M. Elwes. New York: Dover.
Wallace, A.F.C. 1966. Religion: An Anthropological View. New York: Random House.
Whitehouse, Harvey. 2008. “Cognitive Evolution and Religion: Cognition and Religious Evolution.” In The Evolution of Religion: Studies, Theories, and Critiques, edited by J. Bulbulia, R. Sosis, C. Genet, R. Genet, E. Harris and K. Wyman, 31–42. Santa Margarita, CA: Collins Foundation Press.
Atran, Scott. 2002. In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion. Oxford: Oxford University.
Bacon, Francis. 1960 [1620]. The New Organon and Related Writings. New York: Prentice Hall.
Bloch, M. 2008. “Why Religion Is Nothing Special but Is Central.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 363: 2055–2062. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0007
Bulbulia, J., R. Sosis, C. Genet, R. Genet, E. Harris and K. Wyman, eds. 2008. The Evolution of Religion: Studies, Theories, and Critiques. Santa Margarita, CA: Collins Foundation Press.
Burkert, Walter. 1996. Creation of the Sacred: Tracks of Biology in Early Religions. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Crick, Francis. 1990. What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery. New York: Basic Books.
Darwin, Charles. 1871. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: Murray.
Douglas, Mary and Edmund Perry. 1985. “Anthropology and Comparative Religion.” Theology Today 41(4): 410–427. https://doi.org/10.1177/004057368504100406
Fitzgerald, Timothy. 1997. “A Critique of ‘Religion’ as a Cross-Cultural Category.” Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 9: 91–110. https://doi.org/10.1163/157006897X00070
Guthrie, Stewart. 1996. “The Sacred: A Skeptical View.” In The Sacred and Its Scholars, edited by Thomas Idinopulos and Edward Yonan, 124–138. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
———. 2002. “Animal Animism.” In Current Approaches in the Cognitive Science of Religion, edited by I. Pyysiäinen and V. Anttonen, 38–67. London: Continuum.
Hallowell, Irving. 1960. “Ojibwa Ontology, Behavior, and World View.” In Culture in History: Essays in Honor of Paul Radin, edited by S. Diamond, 19–52. New York: Columbia University Press
Harrod, James B. 2011. “A Trans-Species Definition of Religion.” Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture 5(3): 327–353. https://doi.org/10.1558/jsrnc.v5i3.327
———. 2014. “The Case for Chimpanzee Religion.” Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture 8: 8–45. https://doi.org/10.1558/jsrnc.v8i1.8
Horton, Robin. 1967. “African Traditional Thought and Western Science: Part 1.” Africa: Journal of the International African Institute 37: 50–71. https://doi.org/10.2307/1157195
———. 1993. Patterns of Thought in Africa and the West: Essays on Magic, Religion and Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139166232
Hume, David. 1947. Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, 2nd ed, edited by N. Kemp Smith. New York: Library of Liberal Arts.
Jolly, A. 1996. “Primate Communication, Lies, and Ideas.” In Handbook of Human Symbolic Evolution, edited by A. Lock and C. R. Peters, 167–177. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Kelemen, D. 1999. “Beliefs about Purpose: On the Origins of Teleological Thought.” In The Descent of Mind: Psychological Perspectives on Hominid Evolution, edited by M. C. Corballis and S. E. G. Lea, 278–294. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
———. 2004. “Are Children ‘Intuitive Theists’?” Psychological Science 15: 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00672.x
Kelemen, D., J. Rottman and R. Seston. 2013. “Professional Physical Scientists Display Tenacious Teleological Tendencies: Purpose-Based Reasoning as a Cognitive Default.” Journal of Experimental Psychology, General 142: 1074–1083. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030399
Klass, M. 1995. Ordered Universes: Approaches to the Anthropology of Religion. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Lienhardt, G. 1961. Divinity and Experience: The Religion of the Dinka. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Luckmann, T. 1976. “Comment on: Malinowski’s Magic: The Riddle of the Empty Cell, by Karl E. Rosengren.” Current Anthropology 17: 678–679.
Malinowski, B. 1948. Magic, Science and Religion, and Other Essays. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
Martin, Luther H. 2008. “Can Religion Really Evolve? (And What Is It, Anyway?).” In The Evolution of Religion: Studies, Theories, and Critiques, 2008, edited by J. Bulbulia, R. Sosis, C. Genet, R. Genet, E. Harris and K. Wyman, 349–356. Santa Margarita, CA: Collins Foundation Press.
McCutcheon, R. 1997. Manufacturing Religion: The Discourse on Sui Generis Religion and the Politics of Nostalgia. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nongbri, Brent. 2013. Before Religion: A History of a Modern Concept. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300154160.001.0001
Norenzayan, Ara. 2013. Big Gods: How Religion Transformed Cooperation and Conflict. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Saler, B. 1977. “Supernatural as a Western Category.” Ethos 5: 31–52. https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.1977.5.1.02a00040
———. 1993. Conceptualizing Religion: Immanent Anthropologists, Transcendent Natives, and Unbounded Categories. Leiden: Brill.
———. 2009. “Anthropomorphism and Animism: On Stewart E. Guthrie, Faces in the Clouds, 1993.” In Contemporary Theories of Religion: A Critical Companion, edited by M. Stausberg, 39–52. Oxon: Routledge.
———. n.d. “Observations on the Construction of the Supernatural in Euro-American Cultures.” Unpublished manuscript.
Smith, J. Z. 1982. Imagining Religion: From Babylon to Jonestown. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
———. 1993. Map Is Not Territory: Studies in the History of Religions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Spinoza, Benedict de. 1951 [1670]. A Theologico-Political Treatise. Edited by R.H.M. Elwes. New York: Dover.
Wallace, A.F.C. 1966. Religion: An Anthropological View. New York: Random House.
Whitehouse, Harvey. 2008. “Cognitive Evolution and Religion: Cognition and Religious Evolution.” In The Evolution of Religion: Studies, Theories, and Critiques, edited by J. Bulbulia, R. Sosis, C. Genet, R. Genet, E. Harris and K. Wyman, 31–42. Santa Margarita, CA: Collins Foundation Press.
Published
2018-05-15
Issue
Section
Commentary/Responses
License
Equinox Publishing Ltd.
How to Cite
Guthrie, S. E. (2018). Turner’s Definition and Explanation of Religion. Journal for the Cognitive Science of Religion, 4(1), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.1558/jcsr.35725
