‘I consider myself to be a service provider’: Discursive identity construction of the forensic linguistic expert
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsll.34457Keywords:
expert witness, professional identity, forensic linguisticsAbstract
This article reports on a research project investigating the professional identity of linguists as experts in legal and forensic settings. It reveals how they construct that identity discursively and intersubjectively. The analysis adopts a social constructionist perspective whereby the ways in which the experts talk and make sense of their professional experience are seen as identity building. Using interview data and the combined methodologies of corpus-assisted discourse studies (CADS) and thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke 2006), we identify a number of discursive resources the experts draw on. These include knowledge and expertise, professional and social duty, and aspects of their professional practice. At the same time, the experts construe their professional experience by reference to what they do not, and should not, do. We suggest that 'forensic linguist' is a shared identity with its own set of competencies, practices and obligations, although the profession is potentially still in development and/or is auxiliary to law enforcement.References
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Coulthard, M. (2005) The linguist as expert witness. Linguistics and the Human Sciences 1(1): 39–58.
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Dyer, J. and Keller-Cohen, D. (2000) The discursive construction of professional self through narratives of personal experience. Discourse Studies 2(3): 283–304. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445600002003002
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Finegan, E. (2009). Expert linguists and the whole truth. International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law 16(2): 267–277.
Foucault, M. (1972). The Archeology of Knowledge (trans. Alan Sheridan). London: Tavistock.
Gibbons, J. (2011) Towards a framework for communication evidence. International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law 18(2): 233–260. https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsll.v18i2.233
Grant, T. (2013) TXT 4n6: method, consistency and distinctiveness in the analysis of SMS text messages. Journal of Law and Policy 21(2): 467–494.
Grant, T. (2017) Duppying yoots in a dog eat dog world, kmt: determining the senses of slang terms for the courts. Semiotica 216: 479–495. https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0082
Heffer, C. (2005) The Language of Jury Trial: A Corpus-Aided Analysis of Legal-Lay Discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230502888
IAFL (2013) International Association of Forensic Linguists Code of Practice. Retrieved on 18 January 2018 from http://www.iafl.org/uploads/IAFL_Code_of_Practice_1.pdf
Ibarra, H. (1999) Provisional selves: experimenting with image and identity in professional adaptation. Administrative Science Quarterly 44(4): 764–791. https://doi.org/10.2307/2667055
Jaworska, S. (2016) A comparative corpus-assisted discourse study of the representations of hosts in promotional tourism discourse. Corpora 11(1): 83–111. https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2016.0086
Johnson, A. and Coulthard, M. (2010) Introduction: current debates in forensic linguistics. In M. Coulthard and A. Johnson (eds) The Routledge Handbook of Forensic Linguistics 1–16. Abingdon: Routledge.
Koller, V. (2011) ‘Hard-working, team-oriented individuals’: constructing professional identities in corporate mission statements. In M. Marra and J. Angouri (eds) Constructing Identities at Work 103–126. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Lagorgette, D. (2011) Pragmatics in the courtroom: violent speech acts, law, and the linguist in France. Pragmatics and Society 2(2): 187–204. https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.2.2.04lag
Lave, J. and Wenger, E. (1991) Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815355
Li, C. and Ran, Y. (2016) Self-professional identity construction through other-identity deconstruction in Chinese televised debating discourse. Journal of Pragmatics 94: 47–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2016.01.001
Lubet, S. (1998–1999) Expert witnesses: ethics and professionalism. Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics 12: 465–488.
Marra, M. and Angouri, J. (2011) Investigating the negotiation of identity: a view from the field of workplace discourse. In M. Marra and J. Angouri (eds) Constructing Identities at Work 1–16. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230360051_1
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Morris, P. W. G., Patel, M. B. and Wearne, S. H. (2000) Research into revising the APM project management body of knowledge. International Journal of Project Management 18(3): 155–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-7863(99)00068-X
Nunberg, G. (2009) Is it ever okay not to disclose work for hire? International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law 16(2): 227–235.
Olsson, J. (2008) Forensic Linguistics (2nd edn). London and New York: Continuum.
Olsson, J. (2012) Wordcrime: Solving Crime through Forensic Linguistics. London and New York: Continuum.
Orpin, D. (2014) Discussing science in the public sphere: a corpus-assisted study of web-based interaction concerning the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) triple vaccine. PhD Thesis (Unpublished), University of Birmingham.
Parker, I. (2015) Critical Discursive Psychology (2nd edn). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137505279
Partington, A. (2006) The Linguistics of Laughter: A Corpus-Assisted Study of Laughter-Talk. Abingdon: Routledge.
Partington, A., Duguid, A. and Taylor, C. (2013) Patterns and Meaning in Discourse: Theory and Practice in Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies (CADS). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.55
Polkinghorne, D. (1988) Narrative Knowing and the Human Sciences. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Pratt, M. G., Rockmann, K. W. and Kaufmann, J. B. (2006) Constructing professional identity: the role of work and identity learning cycles in the customization of identity among medical residents. Academy of Management Journal 49(2): 235–262. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2006.20786060
Rieber, R. W. and Stewart, W. A. (1990) The interactions of the language sciences and the law: an introduction to the contributions. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 606(1): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb37730.x
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Published
2018-09-10
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Clarke, I., & Kredens, K. (2018). ‘I consider myself to be a service provider’: Discursive identity construction of the forensic linguistic expert. International Journal of Speech, Language and the Law, 25(1), 79-107. https://doi.org/10.1558/ijsll.34457
