Exploring the Sacredness of Urban Spaces through Material Traces
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1558/firn.39859Keywords:
urban space, the sacred, material traces, LondonAbstract
From ancient times, some spaces have been understood to be more sacred than others. Even though many of these spaces have no specific religious meaning, there have been new religious movements which can easily be seen in daily life. In order to understand the current dynamics of religion, a focus on the material presence of religion (religious buildings, sites and artefacts in urban spaces) is a fruitful starting point. Thus, the objective of this study is to explore the potential meanings of the sacred in urban spaces, and the effects of these meanings or characterizations of the sacred have on places. Moreover, the focus is on analysing new manifestations of the religious and the sacred in urban space, as well as the ways in which material traces mediate diverse practices, discourses and effects in the various domains of the sacred. By investigating the alignments of these two fields, the city and the sacred, this study sheds new light on the metropolis of London, which manifests both religious diversity and multiple modernities via traces of the sacred in urban spaces. The results show that sacred traces in urban places have a prominent image that many residents and visitors fail to appreciate in their daily lives. The study concludes with a discussion of findings and implications.
Downloads
References
Andersson, I. 2014 Placing Place Branding: An Analysis of an Emerging Research Field in Human Geography. Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 114(2): 143–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/00167223.2014.895954
Barrie, T. 1996 Spiritual Path, Sacred Place: Myth, Ritual, and Meaning in Architecture. Boston: Shambhala. https://doi.org/10.1177/004057369805500117
Bowen, D. 2002 John Terpstra and the Sacramental in Urban Geography. Literature and Theology 16(2): 188–200. https://doi.org/10.1093/litthe/16.2.188
Cleopatra’s Needle 2019 Comment on Google Maps. Online: https://www.google.com/maps/contrib/117398117893428966690/reviews/@51.5085067,-0.1203086,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m3!8m2!3m1!1e1?hl=en-AU (accessed September 23, 2019).
Day, C. 2012 Spirit and Place. London: Routledge.
Geertz, C. 1966 The Impact of the Concept of Culture on the Concept of Man. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 22(4): 2–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00963402.1966.11454918
Iconic Religion Project 2016 How Imaginaries of Religious Encounter Structure Urban Space, Germany, UK, Netherlands. Online: http://heranet.info/projects/hera-2012-cultural-encounters/iconic-religion-how-imaginaries-of-religious-encounter-structure/ (accessed September 23, 2019).
Kristan-Graham, C., and L. M. Amrhein 2015 Preface. In Memory Traces: Analyzing Sacred Space at Five Mesoamerican Sites, edited by C. Kristan-Graham and L. M. Amrhein, xiii–xxx. Boulder: University Press of Colorado. https://doi.org/10.5876/9781607323778.c000
Lonely Planet n.d. Secret Societies, Occultism and Witchcraft. Online: https://www.lonelyplanet.com/england/london/activities/secret-societies-occultism-and-witchcraft/a/ pa-act/v-66123P4/358914 (accessed September 23, 2019).
Lucarelli, A., and P. Olof Berg 2011 City Branding: A State-of-the-Art Review of the Research Domain. Journal of Place Management and Development 4(1): 9–27. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538331111117133
Mahallati, S. 2002 An Introduction to Tourism. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Publications.
Mazumdar, S., and S. Mazumdar 2004 Religion and Place Attachment: A Study of Sacred Places. Journal of Environmental Psychology 24(3): 385–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.08.005
Mossberg, L. 2008 Extraordinary Experiences through Storytelling. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 8(3): 195–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250802532443
Nas, P. J. 2011 Cities Full of Symbols: A Theory of Urban Space and Culture. Leiden: Leiden University Press.
Nas, P. J., M. de Groot and M. Schut 2011 Introduction: Variety of Symbols. In Cities Full of Symbols: A Theory of Urban Space and Culture, edited by P. J. Nas, 7–26. Leiden: Leiden University Press. https://doi.org/10.5117/9789087281250
Norman, Alex 2012 The Varieties of the Spiritual Tourist Experience. Literature & Aesthetics 22(1): 20–37.
Plate, S. Brent 2009 Varieties of Contemporary Pilgrimage. CrossCurrents 59(3): 260–67.
Shawket, I. M. 2016 Identity in Urban Spaces of Residential Compounds: Contributing to a Better Environment. HBRC Journal 14(2): 235–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hbrcj.2016.08.003
Southwark Cathedral 2019a Comment on Google Maps. Online: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cath%C3%A9drale+de+Southwark/@51.5061009,0.0917845,17z/data=!4m7!3m6!1s0x0:0x1e6e505ff27f7772!8m2!3d51.5061009!4d-0.0895958!9m1!1b1 (accessed March 3, 2019).
2019b Comment on Google Maps. Online: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Cath%C3%A9drale+de+Southwark/@51.5061009,0.0917845,17z/data=!4m7!3m6!1s0x0:0x1e6e505ff27f7772!8m2!3d51.5061009!4d-0.0895958!9m1!1b1 (accessed March 3, 2019).
Teeter, E. 2011 Religion and Ritual in Ancient Egypt. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Tyler, Gloria, and Chris Rhodes 2019 Tourism: Statistics and Policy. Briefing Paper, House of Commons.
Urban Sacred 2016 London: Interactions. Online: http://www.urban-sacred.org/london/ (accessed September 23, 2019).
Walker-Arnott, E. 2019 The 50 Best London Attractions. Time Out. Online: https://www.timeout.com/london/attractions/top-london-attractions (accessed September 23, 2019).
Zenker, S., and B. P. Jacobsen 2015 Introduction to Interregional Place Branding. In Inter-Regional Place Branding, edited by S. Zenker and B. P. Jacobsen, 1–11. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15329-2_1