Journal of Language and Discrimination
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD
<p dir="ltr">The<em> Journal of Language and Discrimination</em> provides a multidisciplinary platform to broadcast important social issues, focusing on the close relationship between many forms of discrimination and social (in)equality and language. The journal publishes multidisciplinary yet inclusive research of a high scholarly standard, not published or under consideration elsewhere, and with a strong empirical component.</p>
Equinox Publishing Ltd.
en
Journal of Language and Discrimination
2397-2637
<p>© Equinox Publishing Ltd.</p> <p>For information regarding our Open Access policy, <a title="Open access policy." href="https://www.equinoxpub.com/home/open-access-policy/">click here</a>.</p>
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'Linguistics in Pursuit of Justice' By John Baugh (2020)
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/27492
<p><em>Linguistics in Pursuit of Justice </em><br />By John Baugh (2020)<br />Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 216 pp.</p>
Book Reviews
book review
Linguistics in Pursuit of Justice
John Baugh
linguistic profiling
sociolinguistics
forensic linguistics
Farah Ali
Copyright (c) 2024 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
126
129
10.1558/jld.27492
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'Fostering Linguistic Equality: The SISE Approach to the Introductory Linguistics Course' by Sarah E. Hercula (2020)
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/27384
<p><em>Fostering Linguistic Equality: The SISE Approach to the Introductory Linguistics Course</em><br />by Sarah E. Hercula (2020)<br />Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 232 pp.</p>
Book Reviews
book review
Fostering Linguistic Equality
Sarah E. Hercula
language attitudes
linguistic discrimination
linguistic inequality
linguistic profiling
stigma
language policy
sociolinguistics
linguistics
social sciences
Liubov Darzhinova
Copyright (c) 2024 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
130
134
10.1558/jld.27384
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Hate speech and environmental activist discourse
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/27262
<p>On 14 October 2022, two activists from the environmental group Just Stop Oil threw a can of tomato soup at Van Gogh’s famous Sunflowers at the National Gallery in London, gluing themselves to the wall beneath the painting. The action, covered in a tweet by the organisation, received a backlash of negative comments by social media users. The present paper focuses on hate speech in response to the controversial tweet by Just Stop Oil in a dataset of about 2700 user comments. Moving from critical discourse studies of hate speech in digital contexts, the manual and software-assisted qualitative analysis employs the appraisal framework and discourse-historical strategies to observe the discursive construction of hate themes against environmental activism. In line with ecolinguistics, findings suggest that, when something valued as extremely positive and important such as art is under attack, people may fail to recognise the motivations behind activist action, appraising it negatively through hate speech, and even distancing themselves from environmental values.</p>
Articles
critical discourse analysis
activist discourse
environment-related hate speech
Just Stop Oil
social media discourse
environment-related hate speech
online hate speech
activist discourse
Critical Discourse Analysis
framing
Social Media Critical Discourse Analysis
Marina Niceforo
Copyright (c) 2024 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
1
23
10.1558/jld.27262
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‘Where are you from?’ and ‘foreigners’
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/25340
<p>This paper discusses the discursive ways in which a group of well-established academics living in the UK construct their sense of identity in their personal everyday lives-outside the context of academia, by projecting their self-perception vis-à-vis how they believe they are perceived by ‘the white perceiving subject’ (Rosa and Flores 2017). While race and accent are the lens through which these academics believe are perceived whereby, they are labelled ‘foreigners’ and questioned about who they are through what can be described as a politically loaded question of ‘where are you from?’, they resist being framed within these categories. This is by labelling themselves differently in ways which defy identity ascription and assert their own sense of identity. This paper reveals that experiences of exclusion and discrimination permeate the lives of these professionals who are ascribed identities based on perceptions of how they look and sound. </p>
Articles
identity
raciolinguistics
discursive processes
discourse
personal lives of professionals living in the UK
discourse analysis
race and discrimination
linguistic racism
intercultural communication
Humanities and Social Science
Amina Kebabi
Copyright (c) 2024 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
100
120
10.1558/jld.25340
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Linguistic ‘productscape’ and ethnolinguistic vitality
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26524
<p>This paper examines the relationship between the ethnolinguistic vitality of the Arabic language and the linguistic landscape of dairy products in Israel, which we label the linguistic ‘productscape’ of milk products. The research stems from the following research questions: What is the social and political meaning of the printed language(s) on dairy products in Israel? How do they reflect the linguistic diversity of the country and how do they impact the visibility and, therefore, the vitality of Palestinian Arabic in Israel? Based on the analysis of ethnographic data of language on milk products and advertising campaigns from Tnuva, Tara and Yotvata, collected in Israel between 2015 and 2023, we argue that the realm of commercial products (and crucially of basic necessities, like milk products) has a prominent role in shaping the symbolic capital of languages within multilingual societies. Specifically, we highlight the responsibility of private dairy company managers, specifically in their choices of language on products packages and advertising campaigns, which contribute to the linguistic landscape, influence ethnolinguistic vitality, and ultimately play a role in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.</p>
Articles
linguistic landscape
productscape
Palestinian Arabic
Hebrew
Israel
Ethnolinguistic Vitality
Lingustics
Deia Ganayim
Maria Mazzoli
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
293
313
10.1558/jld.26524
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The good, the bad, and the pretty
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26523
<p>South Korea has experienced a stark increase in its population’s diversity since the late 1980s. Though South Korean media adopts a superficially positive stance towards migrants, it perpetuates assimilative expectations and emphasises a racial hierarchy. This study critically examines its constructions of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ migrants through a thematic analysis of three popular, unscripted South Korean television shows (<em>Abnormal Summit</em>,<em> Love of 7.7 Billion</em> and <em>Hello Counselor</em>). A little over eight hours of content was examined. The episodes indicate a preference for the migrant perceived as intelligent, high-status, likeable, cosmopolitan and ‘deserving’. Notably, migrants also face paradoxical expectations to assimilate, but not to do so ‘too much’ to avoid disrupting ideals of Koreanness, particularly in terms of language proficiency. Linguistic standards for ethnically Korean immigrants indicate even more ambivalent standards, as they are expected to speak as natively as possible while retaining their ‘outsider’ status.</p>
Articles
South Korea
multiculturalism
migrants
media
identity constructions
Multiculturalism
Migrants
Identity
Linguistics
Media Studies
Iris Bakker
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
269
292
10.1558/jld.26523
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Hockey White in Canada
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26522
<p>While multiculturalism and hockey are two features that are often said to define Canadian identity, they do not often overlap. This paper explores the Twitter discourse surrounding Harnarayan Singh’s 2021 debut sports broadcasts on Hockey Night in Canada and Sportsnet. Singh is the first Sikh person to call play-by-play in English in a national broadcast. We analyse this against the backdrop of racist remnants of colonialism in hockey resulting in the current majority presence of white players and sportscasters. Viewers’ reactions to Singh’s broadcasts mostly demonstrate positive alignment with Singh and support for inclusivity in hockey, however we find a pattern of race-related ideological assumptions embodying the existing tensions between movements to increase diversity in hockey while acknowledging a historic culture of racism in the sport. </p>
Articles
diversity
raciolinguistics
hockey
Canada
sportscasting
Sportscasting
Raciolinguistics
Linguistics
Media Studies
Dakota Wing
Ana-Maria Jerca
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
246
268
10.1558/jld.26522
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Keep our mob safe
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26521
<p>This paper examines how semiotic resources, including text, song, dance and visual imagery, are utilised in a COVID-19 public health outreach campaign to communicate to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW). Content analysis and multimodal critical discourse analysis are employed to study a corpus of multimodal videos with a visible, speaking social actor published between July 2020 and June 2022 on the official NSW Ministry of Health Facebook page (n=1010), including ‘Keep Our Mob Safe’ public health outreach campaign videos (n=38). The analysis focuses on the discursive representation and recontextualisation of social actors in order to ascertain who the state considers a ‘linguistic and cultural asset’, a term used in NSW language and health policies. The findings indicate that social actors use creative and transformational material processes and through their actions reveal covert language policy mechanisms.</p>
Articles
language policy
public health outreach
Indigenous languages
multimodality
Public health outreach
Linguistics
Health Communication
Emily E. Davis
Danielle H. Heinrichs
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
219
245
10.1558/jld.26521
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A glass ceiling in the educational labour market
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26520
<p>This paper examines the new Dutch language policy for international instructors in Dutch universities and its impact on their careers. While the policy aims to make Dutch higher education bilingual, the paper argues that it acts as a barrier to career advancement and a glass ceiling for international instructors. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with international instructors at the University of Groningen. The findings suggest that the language requirement creates tensions around policy implementation and actual practices at the university. The paper contextualises the study within the broader context of internationalisation in Dutch higher education and the use of language as a labour-control mechanism. The paper concludes with policy recommendations that aim to create a fairer workplace in higher education. It contributes to the literature on internationalisation in higher education and highlights the need for further research on the experiences of international instructors.</p>
Articles
international faculty members
skilled migration
Dutch higher education
Dutch language policy
language discrimination
Dutch higher education
Dutch language policy
Linguistics
Seonok Lee
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
195
218
10.1558/jld.26520
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Control and inclusivity
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26519
<p>This paper discusses Dutch secondary education language teachers’ attitudes towards multilingualism with a particular focus on the concepts of classroom control and inclusivity. The Netherlands is composed of regions with various degrees of multilingualism: areas traditionally perceived as monolingual, an officially bilingual province and linguistically diverse cosmopolitan urban centres. By means of a qualitative analysis of ten semi-structured interviews with language teachers working in the different regions, this research examines the type of discourse used to describe multilingualism and the potential implementation of multilingual practices in the classroom. With the use of methods from Critical Discourse Analysis, a patchwork of ideologies reveals how attitudes about non-official varieties and languages deemed ‘too different’ from the expected standard language are expressed. The analysis shows that teachers in areas with little migration-induced multilingualism emphasise in particular their hypothetical difficulty when dealing with an aspect of the pupils’ competence that they cannot control. The interview data also sheds light on the topic of linguistic inclusivity which encompasses not just the acknowledgement of the pupils’ backgrounds but also the teachers who fear feeling left out by a multilingualism that goes beyond what they are familiar with.</p>
Articles
language attitudes and ideologies
multilingualism
secondary education
language management
inclusivity
Classroom Multilingualism
Classroom Control
Lingusitics
Aurélie Joubert
Karlijn de Jong
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
172
194
10.1558/jld.26519
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More than a few words?
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26518
<p>Research shows that multilingual pupils’ school achievements and socio-affective development may improve when their home languages are valued positively and used as educational resources. Meaningful shifts in education for social justice must therefore be based on valuing pupils’ home languages and implementing sustainable translanguaging methods. However, the implementation of these methods is often limited to symbolic interactional acts and superficial engagement with multilingual practices. Based on longitudinal case studies of three teachers in the north of the Netherlands, the current study investigates what changes occur in the function of translanguaging strategies in primary classrooms participating in an educational design research intervention, to what extent interaction and multilingual language use evolves, and the presence of dialogic empathy. Using Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-Squared and Fisher’s Exact analyses, we examined the frequency and quality of translanguaging interactions at three measurement points. An in-depth analysis of recorded video-data of several lessons per teacher (N = 123:06 minutes) revealed how opportunities for dialogic interaction arose with symbolic translanguaging. Although these opportunities were not always seized, they provided possibilities for active pupil participation.</p>
Articles
classroom interaction
multilingual pedagogy
translanguaging
education for social justice
dialogic empathy
Translanguaging
Dialogic Empathy
Linguistics
Suzanne Dekker
Laura Nap
Hanneke Loerts
Joana Duarte
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
144
171
10.1558/jld.26518
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Language policy and diversity management for social justice
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26516
Editorial
editorial
introduction
language policy
diversity management
social justice
Language Policy
Diversity Management
Social Justice
Linguistics
Sociology
Maria Mazzoli
Aurélie Joubert
Seonok Lee
Flávio Eiró
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-10-19
2023-10-19
127
143
10.1558/jld.26516
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'Extending Applied Linguistics for Social Impact: Cross-disciplinary Collaborations in Diverse Spaces of Public Inquiry' By D. S. Warriner and E. R. Miller (eds.) (2021)
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/26240
<p><em>Extending Applied Linguistics for Social Impact: Cross-disciplinary Collaborations in Diverse Spaces of Public Inquiry </em><br />By D. S. Warriner and E. R. Miller (eds.) (2021)<br />London: Bloomsbury, 228 pp.</p>
Book Reviews
book review
Extending Applied Linguistics for Social Impact
D. S. Warriner
E. R. Miller
Impact
social justice
applied linguistics
USA
anti-racism
applied linguistics
Jessica Bradley
Copyright (c) 2024 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
121
125
10.1558/jld.26240
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Deconstructing men’s rights activism
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/25747
<p>This work examines the attitudes of men’s rights activists (MRAs) towards Rape Culture (RC), a term describing a social environment in which sexual misconduct is trivialised, normalised, and justified. By performing a discourse and thematic analysis of a corpus of threads from MRA forums, the study aims to determine whether their representation of RC amounts to a form of collective D.A.R.V.O., a tactic used to delegitimise a phenomenon by denying its existence, attacking its advocates, and reversing the roles of victims and perpetrators. The analysis reveals that MRAs’ representation of RC arises from a reductionist definition of the term, which limits its interpretation to actual rapes and denies it as a socio-culturally ingrained phenomenon. This narrow definition hinders progress in addressing all forms of gender-based violence, harming men and women alike. The study concludes that a broader understanding of RC is necessary to combat its effects and improve gender relations.</p>
Articles
D.A.R.V.O
discourse analysis
manosphere
men's rights activists
rape culture
online hate-speech
rape culture
discourse analysis
linguistics
framing analysis
Giuseppina Scotto di Carlo
Copyright (c) 2024 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
74
99
10.1558/jld.25747
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The language that unites us is the one that also separates us
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/24356
<p>This paper analyses whether the Portuguese language spoken by young people from the Community of Portuguese-speaking Countries in Portugal involves dimensions of social inclusion or exclusion. It employs an interdisciplinary approach (with concepts from sociology and linguistics), and a qualitative methodology in the shape of thirty-three interviews with young people from Brazil and Portuguese-speaking countries in Africa living in the Portuguese municipality of Sintra. While ‘speaking Portuguese’ facilitates the integration of these young people, their inclusion is also hindered by the coexistence of this language with other native languages in the case of Africans, and by the use of standard Brazilian Portuguese in the case of Brazilians.</p>
Articles
Portuguese language
social inclusion
language discrimination
descendants of immigrants
Portuguese language
Social inclusion
Language discrimination
Descendants of immigrants
Sociology
Sociolinguisitcs
Cultural Studies
Immigration and Integration
Juliana Iorio
Sofia Gaspar
Copyright (c) 2024 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2024-02-16
2024-02-16
50
73
10.1558/jld.24356
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Language and Decoloniality in Higher Education: Reclaiming Voices from the South Edited by Zannie Bock and Christopher Stroud
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/23985
<p>Language and Decoloniality in Higher Education: Reclaiming Voices from the South Edited by Zannie Bock and Christopher Stroud London: Bloomsbury, 221 pp.</p>
Book Reviews
decoloniality
Higher Education
pedagogy
language policy
South Africa
decoloniality
Higher Education
pedagogy
language policy
South Africa
Applied Linguistics
Education
Beth Malory
Copyright (c) 2022 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2022-10-14
2022-10-14
347
352
10.1558/jld.23985
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Impact of state indifference on ethnolinguistic vitality
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/22024
<p>This paper reports on ethnolinguistic vitality and the impact of state indifference on it among Baltis of Kargil in Ladakh division of former Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) state in India. The Baltis of Kargil have registered a negative population growth over last three consecutive decades in official records even when the population of district Kargil and former J&K state has been increasing substantially during the period. From 48,498 individuals in 1981, the group has been reduced to 13,774 individuals in 2011. Surprisingly the Purigpa, another ethnic group in Kargil closely related to the Baltis, have registered a substantial decadal growth rate of 114% from 2001 to 2011.</p> <p>Using the cultural autonomy model of ethnolinguistic vitality, the study found the group to be moderately strong in collective group identity and strong in social proximity, however a weak institutional control and a very weak ideological legitimacy reflected in a huge decrease in population of the group in official records is indicative of state indifference, which has weakened the vitality of the group.</p>
Articles
Balti
Ethnolinguistics
J&K
Cultural Autonomy
Kargil
South Asia
Ethnolinguistics
Identity
Language Endangerment
Language Death
Linguistics
Sociolinguisitcs
Ethnolinguistics
Musavir Ahmed
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
75
93
10.1558/jld.22024
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‘It came from China; it’s a Chinese virus’
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/22178
<p>This study examines the negotiations of racism by Twitter users in the representation of the COVID-19 crisis during the first wave of the pandemic. We focus on expressions that target China as the place where COVID originated such as ‘Chinese virus’ and ‘Kung flu’. The repeated use and discussion of these terms on social media serves to create, establish and reinforce indexical links (Silverstein 2003) to social values, which relate to ideological conceptions of China and Chinese culture. Additionally, Twitter users’ crisis processing involves the renegotiatation of indexical links to social values that coincides with the engagement in sociopolitical debates that frequent online media environments, resulting in sociological fractionation (Agha 2007); the ideological opposition between Twitter user groups involves statements such as ‘Kung flu is racist but COVID originated in China’s dirty markets.’ We see such disclaimers as examples of ‘liquid racism’ (Weaver 2011) that, while they are difficult to pin down as racist, they naturalise Sinophobia as the dominant discourse in our dataset. We conclude that racism in our data is a resource embedded in blame attribution that is compatible with crisis processing.</p>
Articles
liquid racism
indexicality
Sinophobia
twitter
Covid-19 crisis
Liquid racism
Covid-19 pandemic
Twitter
Critical Discourse Analysis
Language in the media
Sofia Lampropoulou
Paul Cooper
Elizabeth Pye
Megan Griffiths
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
94
117
10.1558/jld.22178
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Sexualising weight loss in British tabloids
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/22670
<p>This paper explores the relationship between weight loss, sex and beauty by analysing a corpus of 285 articles about celebrity weight loss published in the UK national press between 23 March 2020 and 6 July 2020. Taking a corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis approach, we examine the use of the statistically salient lemma flaunt*. Ninety-seven per cent of the instances of flaunt* in our corpus are attributed to female celebrities, and the respective protagonists are reported by the UK press to flaunt their bodies and their weight loss on their social media pages. By critically analysing the use of flaunt*, we are able to demonstrate the manner in which celebrity social media posts are repackaged to sexualise female celebrities and to sexualise the process of weight loss in general. We argue that describing social media images shared by female celebrities as flaunting could at best, misrepresent their intentions, and at worst contribute towards the pervasive unsolicited sexualisation of women, and exacerbate adverse body image and mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic which in and of itself has exacerbated these issues.</p>
Articles
Discourse Analysis
Corpus Linguistics
Weight Loss
Sexualisation
Gender
Linguistics
Weight Stigma
Linguistics
Tara Coltman-Patel
David Wright
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
1
25
10.1558/jld.22670
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‘Chinese virus’
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/23484
<p>Since the emergence of COVID-19, researchers have documented an increase in cases of anti-Asian racism and hate crimes. Research shows a possible connection between the ‘Chinese virus’ discourse of the Trump administration and violence in society (Arora and Kim 2020:387). Drawing from critical discourse studies we explore 2,071 comments from one YouTube video which documents anti-China rhetoric by the Trump administration in order to understand the underlying strategies commenters relied on in their reproduction and defence of this discourse. Findings show the trickle-down influence of Trump’s discourse on YouTube commenters, but also ways in which social media created a platform for building solidarity among racist groups, as well as sites of resistance. The authors conclude by suggesting more studies attend to this type of discourse and work to educate people on how to counter it.</p>
Articles
critical discourse studies
language and discrimination
COVID-19
discourse studies
Critical Discourse Studies
Peiwen Wang
Theresa Catalano
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
26
51
10.1558/jld.23484
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‘Cycling is good’ but ‘cyclists are reckless’
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/24428
<p>Urban mobility choices and policies are not a common object of study for linguistics. These policies and choices actually generate forms of discrimination by creating reified identities of ‘drivers’ against ‘cyclists’ against ‘pedestrians’. Through the prism of ‘mobility justice’ this paper shows how detrimental discursive choices contribute to the normalisation of a mobility system which is highly discriminatory and a source of toxicity and danger to humanity. The discriminations imposed by the hegemonic system of automobility reinforce other forms of intersectional discrimination. By looking at journalistic texts that employ road-user identities to fuel narratives of conflict, this study highlights the need for linguists to contribute to language-focused investigations already being carried out from the perspectives of other disciplines such as Geography, Sociology or Transport Studies. It also shows how these investigations can provide answers to broader questions concerning climate inaction.</p>
Articles
climate crisis
identity
fossil-fuel lifestyles
climate inaction
auto mentality
Hate speech
climate crisis
ecolinguistics
mobility justice
English language and linguistics
ecolinguistics
M Cristina Caimotto
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
52
74
10.1558/jld.24428
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Implicit and Explicit Language Attitudes: Mapping Linguistic Prejudice and Attitude Change in England Robert M. McKenzie and Andrew McNeill (2023)
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/25252
<p>Implicit and Explicit Language Attitudes: Mapping Linguistic Prejudice and Attitude Change in England Robert M. McKenzie and Andrew McNeill (2023) New York and London: Routledge, 194 pp.</p>
Book Reviews
English
language attitudes
prejudice
linguistics
sociolinguistics
linguistics
sociolinguistics
Morana Lukač
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
118
122
10.1558/jld.25252
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Language Incompetence: Learning to Communicate Through Cancer, Disability, and Anomalous Embodiment By S. Canagarajah (2022)
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/25424
<p>Language Incompetence: Learning to Communicate Through Cancer, Disability, and Anomalous Embodiment By S. Canagarajah (2022) London and New York: Routledge, xv + 220 pp.</p>
Book Reviews
embodiment
acceptable language
Body-Language
disability studies
Autobiography. Suffering. Gender.
Language discrimination
Applied Linguistics
Critical Discourse Studies
Gregory Hadley
Copyright (c) 2023 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2023-02-13
2023-02-13
123
126
10.1558/jld.25424
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‘Biodeutsch’ and ‘Ausländer’ – shifting notions of otherness in narratives of discrimination
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/20639
<p>Characterised by discourses about ethnic tension and integration in relation to Turkish Germans, the German media has created a negative public image of this very group, portraying them as ‘the Other’. Such a portrayal has detrimental effects on this group, exposing them to discrimination and racism, and ultimately impacting their social integration. Using a discourse–analytical approach, this paper examines narratives from focus groups to explore the discursive and pragmatic processes through which Turkish Germans construct their identities by Othering either ‘the Germans’ or ‘the Turks’, while embracing and/or rejecting membership in these larger groups. Findings reveal that the highly dynamic nature of otherness/othering is closely intertwined with issues of social integration. Findings further illustrate how mainstream discourses about Turkish Germans enter and manifest themselves in both public perception of the constructed ‘Other’ and self-perceptions of this stigmatised group, and provide empirical evidence about the (discursive) processes through which social integration takes place.</p>
Articles
othering
identity construction
social integration
discourse analysis
German Turkish/Turkish German descendants
Ethnic minorities
Media discourses
Turkish diaspora in Germany
Qualitative research
Societal Discourses
Discrimination
Applied Linguistics
Sociolinguistics
Discourse Analysis
Yesim Kakalic
Copyright (c) 2022 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2022-10-05
2022-10-05
289
320
10.1558/jld.20639
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Linguistic profiling and shifting standards
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/21115
<p>Perceptions of non-native speech are often guided by listeners’ expectations of a speaker. These expectations are informed by pre-existing beliefs about how particular types of people sound. Perceived ethnicity can affect how listeners evaluate speech (Rubin 1992; D’Onofrio 2019); however, most of this work has been situated in Western contexts. The current study details an experiment that tests for the linguistic profiling (Baugh 2005) of the Uyghur population of China, a group that has been systematically oppressed for their ethnicity and religion. Using name-based ethnicity priming, participants thought they were hearing either a Korean, Uyghur or non-descript speaker of L2 Mandarin. Results showed that participants rated the speaker as significantly more confident, intelligent and hard-working in the Uyghur condition. However, participants were significantly less likely to hire the supposedly ‘Uyghur’ speaker. We propose that these results are evidence of shifting standards (Biernat 2012), whereby listener expectations are lowered by social stereotypes, leading to inflated subjective ratings of minority groups, without leading to positive outcomes.</p>
Articles
sociolinguistic perception
linguistic profiling
Uyghurs
non-native speech
ethnicity
Sociolinguistics
Accent perception
Sociolinguistics
Matthew Hunt
Sue Denim
Copyright (c) 2022 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2022-10-05
2022-10-05
261
288
10.1558/jld.21115
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‘Immigrants, hell on board’
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/21228
<p>Social media platforms provide direct access to an unprecedented amount of content and can amplify rumours and questionable information. Moreover, when polarisation is high, misinformation can easily spread. Some studies have indicated that fake news and false information can spread faster and furtherthan fact-based news, as it may be based on more stereotypical and less complex content. This research aims to examine racial misinformation. ‘Racial hoaxes are becoming a popular discursive strategy to disguise racism’. The main characteristic of racial hoaxes is that they are born out of the ideology of ethnic prejudice. Therefore, it is essential to shed light on these hoaxes’ socio-psychological characteristics to understand how to recognise, analyse and resist them. Based on these theoretical considerations, this research aims to analyse one hundred Italian news articles containing racial hoaxes collected in 2020 and 2021. For this purpose, a content analysis was conducted to code the psycho-linguistic features of subject description and mode, including stereotypes and components of journalistic attitude such as discrediting forms and affective lexicon. The analysis indicates that racial hoaxes have socio-cognitive features, stereotypes and evaluative forms of prejudice that can potentially lead to greater media reinforcement of false stereotypes because they are strictly associated with familiar and concrete linguistic forms.</p>
Articles
racial hoaxes
stereotypes
prejudice
Italian debunking sites
immigrants
implicit stereotypes
explicit stereotypes
psycho-linguistic
racism
quanti-qualitative methodology
Racial Hoaxes
Stereotype
Prejudice
Psycho-linguistic Aprroach
Psycho-linguistic
Social Psychology
Francesca D’Errico
Concetta Papapicco
Mariona Taulé Delor
Copyright (c) 2022 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2022-10-05
2022-10-05
191
212
10.1558/jld.21228
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Linguistic white privilege
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/21373
<p>This paper describes how ideologies about Spanish shape the linguistic performance of Latinxs in post-Katrina New Orleans, demonstrating that these linguistic choices are shaped by linguistic white privilege. Locally relevant iterations of discourses related to the Latinx Threat Narrative (LTN) (Chavez 2013) embody raciolinguistic ideologies in order to construct public space as white space (Hill 1998), where the linguistic performance of whites is perceived as invisible, natural and standard, while the linguistic performance of Latinx speakers is perceived as disorderly, dangerous and non-standard, and subject to monitoring, policing and stigmatisation. Thus, access to positive linguistic identities is restricted to Anglo speakers. The analysis presented here underscores the role of sociopolitical context in shaping linguistic performance and highlights the need for sociolinguistic analyses focused on understanding not just linguistic performance but also the sociopolitical realities which shape this performance.</p> <p>The argument is developed based on close readings of transcriptions of sociolinguistic interviews (n=33) conducted with Latinx participants in New Orleans in 2017 and 2018. Interviews were transcribed and coded for evidence of LTN discourses, as well as how clues to how these discourses are implicated in the articulation of public space in New Orleans. The analysis emphasises the need for sociolinguistic research focused on understanding the social context of the language use of minoritised populations, particularly in terms of the linguistic ideologies shaping language perception. This article contributes to the study of language and discrimination by identifying specific raciolinguistic ideologies and by illustrating how these ideologies are articulated in terms of threat discourses that function to articulate public space.</p>
Articles
raciolinguistics
Latinx threat narrative
Latinx Englishes
Linguistic Ideologies
Raciolinguistic Ideologies
Sociolinguistics
Tom Lewis
Copyright (c) 2022 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2022-10-05
2022-10-05
241
260
10.1558/jld.21373
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‘So, it’s not necessarily about exclusion’
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/21376
<p>Trans-exclusionary radical feminists challenge transgender people (specifically women) from within a claimed feminist struggle. They exclude transgender women and instead claim they are men colonising women’s spaces. I present a conversation analytic and analytical membership categorisation case study of a national radio interview in which the spokesperson for a trans-exclusionary feminist political group debates with the host on the nature of trans women and their exclusion from women’s spaces. I show how the interviewee accomplishes trans exclusion in talk,, often without making explicit claims about trans women, by constructing both biologically essentialist and experiential distinctions between trans and cis women, constructing trans women as participants in patriarchal oppression, and by problematising a claimed redefinition of the category woman being enacted by trans women. This analysis highlights how transphobic (and specifically transmisogynistic) attitudes are accomplished in social interaction through sequential action and categorial inferences.</p>
Articles
Transphobia
Conversation analysis
Interview
Gender
Membership categorisation analysis
Discrimination
Social Interaction
Transphobia
Trans exclusionary radical feminism
Conversation analysis
Discursive Psychology
Elle Felicity Henderson
Copyright (c) 2022 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2022-10-05
2022-10-05
213
240
10.1558/jld.21376
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Unveiling the rationale of soft hate speech in multimodal artefacts
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/22363
<p>This article sets out to outline a methodological framework that enables us to unravel the underlying reasoning of covert hatred (i.e. soft hate speech), through an examination of the ways in which this is realised and, moreover, argumentatively justified in multimodal artefacts of the mainstream press. It focuses on a controversial case study – the release of the Italian hostage Silvia Romano – and how it was covered on the front pages of two right-wing Italian newspapers. It draws on the premises of multimodal critical discourse studies (MCDS), proposing a micro-level cross-fertilisation of a social semiotic discourse–analytical perspective for the analysis of multimodal meaning(s), realised on newspaper front pages, with the Argumentum Model of Topics (AMT), which focuses on the analysis of argumentative inferences that stem from multimodal representational meaning(s).</p>
Articles
Silvia Romano
multimodal critical discourse studies (MCDS)
multimodal argumentation
(soft) hate speech
hate speech
newspaper front page
Silvia Romano
Italy
Critical Discourse Studies
multimodality
Argumentation Theory
multimodal argumentation
Dimitris Serafis
Copyright (c) 2022 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2022-10-05
2022-10-05
321
346
10.1558/jld.22363
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Segregating sex
http://journal.equinoxpub.com/JLD/article/view/18127
<p>Feminist and postcolonial scholars have long contended that dictionaries, far from being objective linguistic records, are ideologically loaded texts that overtly or covertly encode sexist and ethnocentric attitudes (e.g. Rose 1979; Benson 2001). Queer linguists have also begun to explore how dictionaries reproduce heteronormativity and cisnormativity (Nossem 2018; Turton 2020), though much of this scholarship has so far limited itself to the construction of identity. This paper instead contributes to the recent queer turn towards embodiment by exploring representations of sexual acts in online general English dictionaries. It encourages greater engagement between queer lexicography and other strands of dictionary criticism by placing Rubin’s (1984) concept of the ‘charmed circle’ of sex in dialogue with Benson’s (2001) postcolonial model of the centre/periphery in lexicography. The paper argues that heteronormativity, cisnormativity and phallocentrism continue to shape contemporary definitions of sex and sexual intercourse by sidelining or silencing queer erotic acts and bodies.</p>
Articles
dictionaries
cisnormativity
heteronormativity
embodiment
queer linguistics
sexuality
dictionaries
English
lexicography
linguistics
Stephen Turton
Copyright (c) 2020 Equinox Publishing Ltd.
2021-04-27
2021-04-27
48
70
10.1558/jld.18127